ReviewBritish journal of cancer2019
Immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of MSI-H/MMR-D colorectal cancer and a perspective on resistance mechanisms.
Review in British journal of cancer, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 259 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
259 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 399 citations in OpenAlex.
- Research hotspots and frontiers in the tumor microenvironment of colorectal cancer: a bibliometric study from 2014 to 2024.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Pembrolizumab in Asian patients with microsatellite-instability-high/mismatch-repair-deficient colorectal cancer.Cancer science · 2023Trial
- Immune evasion in locally advanced mismatch repair-deficient microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancer: Reduced T-cell infiltration and upregulation of epithelial IDO1 expression.Oncoimmunology · 2026Article
- Hunting for microsatellite instability in long-read data with Owl.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Spermidine in Colorectal cancer: friend or foe?Amino acids · 2026Review
- Absence of EGFR signalling in granulocytic cells relieves immunosuppression sensitising CRC metastases to immune checkpoint therapy.Cell death and differentiation · 2026Article
- Universal Tumor Screening in Colorectal Cancer: Role of MMR Immunohistochemistry for Lynch Syndrome and Early-Onset CRC.Cancers · 2026Article
- Female Oncofertility in Colorectal Cancer: Reproductive Uncertainties and Potential Benefits of Immunotherapy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Patterns of progression and survival in patients with mismatch repair deficient/ microsatellite instability- high metastatic colorectal cancer treated with immunotherapy.The oncologist · 2026Article
- Watch-and-wait in rectal cancer: A critical appraisal of promise, perils and unresolved contours of organ preservation (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- Dietary sulfur amino acids enhance anti-tumor immunity in colon cancer via an NKT cell-XCL1-cDC1 circuit.Immunity · 2026Article
- Noncanonical Transcription and Splicing Shape the Colorectal Cancer Immunopeptidome in MSI and MSS Tumors.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2026Article
- Co-Formulation of Pembrolizumab Murine Surrogate RMP1-14 with ImagentPharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Benchmarking Large Language Models and Prompt Engineering Strategies in Microsatellite Instability Cancers: Evaluation Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Targeting regulatory T cells in gastrointestinal cancers: current status and future perspectives.International journal of clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance in dMMR high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia with lynch syndrome-associated colon cancer: a case report.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Signet-Ring Cell Colorectal Cancer and Signet-Ring Cell Component Colorectal Cancer: Do They Differ in Clinical Behavior?Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Baseline Tumor Features and Systemic Immune Dynamics Underlying Efficacy in MSS Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Treated with Regorafenib, Ipilimumab, and Nivolumab.Cancer immunology research · 2026Article
- Tumour immune contexture and immune evasion in sporadic and Lynch syndrome-associated microsatellite unstable colorectal cancers.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- CD103-Positive Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Predict a Favorable Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer with Liver Metastasis.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Article
199 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) with a mismatch repair-deficiency (MMR-D)/microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) phenotype carries unique characteristics such as increased tumour mutational burden and tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes. Studies have shown a sustained clinical response to immune checkpoint inhibitors with dramatic clinical improvement in patients with MSI-H/MMR-D CRC. However, the observed response rates range between 30% and 50% suggesting the existence of intrinsic resistance mechanisms. Moreover, disease progression after an initial positive response to immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment points to acquired resistance mechanisms. In this review article, we discuss the clinical trials that established the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with MSI-H/MMR-D CRC, consider biomarkers of the immune response and elaborate on potential mechanisms related to intrinsic and acquired resistance. We also provide a perspective on possible future therapeutic approaches that might improve clinical outcomes, particularly in patients with actionable resistance mechanisms.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.