ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2019
Individuals with spinal cord injury have greater odds of substance use disorders than non-sci comparisons.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Therapeutic Potential and Usage Patterns of Cannabinoids in People with Spinal Cord Injuries: A Systematic Review.Current neuropharmacology · 2021Pooled it
- Trends in gabapentinoid and opioid dispensing in individuals with spinal cord injury: a retrospective cohort study.Spinal cord · 2026Article
- Relationship of prescription and nonprescription opioid use, opioid misuse, and alcohol use with suicidal ideation among people with spinal cord injury.Spinal cord · 2026Article
- Review
- Substance use during the COVID-19 pandemic among persons with traumatic spinal cord injury: A cross-sectional perspective.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2025Article
- Chronic opioid prescription in veterans with spinal cord injury: Prevalence and associated factors.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2025Article
- Comparison of cervical versus thoracic spinal cord injury outcomes in pediatric trauma patients.Pediatric surgery international · 2025Article
- Effects of Opioid Use Duration on Complications and Healthcare Utilization and Costs in Spinal Cord Injury.Topics in spinal cord injury rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Pain medication misuse in the South African spinal cord injury context.Health SA = SA Gesondheid · 2024Article
- Article
- Associations Between Opioid Prescriptions and Use of Hospital-Based Services Among US Adults with Longstanding Physical Disability or Inflammatory Conditions Compared to Other Adults in the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, 2010-2015.Journal of pain research · 2023Article
- Injury characteristics and their association with clinical complications among emergency care patients in Tanzania.African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence · 2022Article
- Analyzing the Impact of Cannabinoids on the Treatment of Spinal Disorders.Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIndividuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) are disproportionately affected by numerous physical and behavioral health disparities, but the literature lacks a clear understanding of the association between SCI and substance use disorders. Identifying such behavioral health disparities in persons with disabilities is an increasingly central focus for public health researchers and represents a critical first step for prevention.
methodThe present study utilized a large database of deidentified electronic health records to examine the association between SCI and substance use disorders related to alcohol, cannabis, opioid, and nicotine. Examining data from patients 16 years or older who had patient encounters at the Penn State Hershey Medical Center from January 1, 1997 to April 30, 2018, the current study included data from 1,466,985 unique patients - 6192 of which held SCI diagnoses. Age-adjusted odds ratios were calculated using logistic regression.
resultsCompared to non-SCI patients, individuals with SCI were at increased odds of having alcohol use disorder (OR: 4.19, 95% CI [3.67, 4.80]), cannabis use disorder (OR: 7.83, 95% CI [6.32, 9.69]), opioid use disorder (OR: 7.97, 95% CI [6.59, 9.66]), and nicotine use disorder (OR: 4.66, 95% CI [4.40, 4.94]). Patient sex did not moderate any of the four associations.
conclusionThis study provides early indication that individuals with SCI may be disproportionately at-risk for substance use disorders and provides a foundation for future mechanistic and translational research. This evidence is a valuable step towards improving the health and quality of life for individuals with SCI.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.