ReviewEuropean archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery2019
Demystifying autoimmune inner ear disease.
Review in European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Secondary autoimmune immune ear disease (AIED): a systematic review and meta-analysis on vestibular manifestations of systemic autoimmune and inflammatory disorders.Clinical rheumatology · 2023Pooled it
- Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Autoimmune Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.The journal of international advanced otology · 2023Pooled it
- Advances in biomarkers for differential diagnosis of autoimmune and autoinflammatory inner ear disorders.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Genetic and Environmental Factors Shaping Hearing Loss: Xenobiotics, Mechanisms and Translational Perspectives.Journal of xenobiotics · 2026Review
- The inner ear immune microenvironment in sensorineural hearing loss: mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease from a Rheumatologic Perspective.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of sudden sensorineural hearing loss: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2024Article
- Update on Findings about Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Insight into Its Pathogenesis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Immune-Mediated Inner Ear Disease Associated with Type 1 Autoimmune Hepatitis: A Challenging Coexistence.Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2022Article
- Autoimmune Hearing Loss: A Diagnostic Challenge.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Combination Immunosuppressive Therapy in Primary Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease in Pregnancy.Case reports in otolaryngology · 2022Article
- Role of Inner Ear Macrophages and Autoimmune/Autoinflammatory Mechanisms in the Pathophysiology of Inner Ear Disease.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Review
- Rare Disorders of the Vestibular Labyrinth: of Zebras, Chameleons and Wolves in Sheep's Clothing.Laryngo- rhino- otologie · 2021Review
- Article
- Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Influence on Prognosis of Autoimmune Hearing Loss.Audiology research · 2021Article
- [Clinical characteristics and prognosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss with rheumatoid arthritis].Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery · 2021Article
- Role of the Stria Vascularis in the Pathogenesis of Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Narrative Review.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Review
- Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Dizziness/Vertigo Accompanied by Posterior Semicircular Canal Hypofunction.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAutoimmune inner disease (AIED) is an uncommon cause of sensorineural hearing loss and poses a diagnostic challenge. The present study aims to review the existing knowledge on the clinicopathological aspects, the diagnostic challenges, and therapeutic interventions in AIED. DISCUSSION: The incidence of AIED is less than five cases per 100,000 population. There are no definite seromarkers which make diagnosis of AIED difficult. Even though various markers have been studied, their sensitivity and specificity have not been replicated in the clinical scenario. The treatment of the condition is also an enigma. Corticosteroids are the drug of choice and require long-term use to prevent relapse. Various other therapeutic agents have been studied in a small cohort of patients, but the efficacy of these drugs needs to be validated in a large multicentric trial.
conclusionTimely intervention can restore hearing loss in AIED patients, but the clinician has to find a delicate balance between the hearing outcome and the potential side effects resulting from long-term use of the drugs. Treatment of steroid resistant AIED is a challenge and there are no universal guidelines for the same. AIED being an uncommon diagnosis, multicentric trials and collaboration are required to formulate diagnostic criteria and therapeutic guidelines.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.