ReviewNature reviews. Genetics2020
Determinants of enhancer and promoter activities of regulatory elements.
Review in Nature reviews. Genetics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 417 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
417 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Genetic landscape and functional exploration of kidney cancer predisposition in cross-ancestral populations.Nature communications · 2026Pooled it
- A transcription factor by any other name - function beyond DNA binding and transactivation.EMBO reports · 2026Review
- Pan-cancer epigenetic landscape of human tumor-associated macrophages reveals crucial enhancers governing their heterogenous formation by Pol II pausing modulation.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Transposable element-driven expansion of enhancer RNA repertoires underlies regulatory innovation and polyploid adaptation in cereal crops.Plant communications · 2026Article
- High-throughput functional characterization of enhancers in totipotent-like cells.Nature communications · 2026Article
- MECP2Science China. Life sciences · 2026Article
- Super-enhancer-driven ITGB2-AS1 promotes ovarian cancer progression by binding to IQGAP1.Translational oncology · 2026Article
- Mapping enhancer-gene regulatory interactions from single-cell data.Nature genetics · 2026Article
- Segmentally Duplicated Regulatory Elements Undergo Human-Specific Rewiring.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Emergence and evolution of protein-coding de novo genes.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2026Review
- NovelbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Guide RNA reprogramming facilitates minimized tracrRNA-dependent off-target and versatile CRISPR/Cas9 engineering.Nature communications · 2026Article
- In Depth Characterization of the Promoter Proximal Proteome of Single Copy Locus FOXP2.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2026Article
- ChromCall: assigning chromatin status to defined genomic regions using epigenomic profiling data.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Large-scale data-driven pre-trained DNA models enhance performance across diverse genomics tasks.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Article
- Understanding super enhancers in genome architecture and their roles in livestock breeding.BMC genomics · 2026Review
- Single-cell chromatin accessibility and cis-regulatory element analyses in plants using the scPlantReg platform.Nature plants · 2026Article
- SMARCA4 activation engages FOSL1 to drive enhancer reprogramming and tumorigenic phenotypes in SMARCA4-deficient LUAD cells.Cell death discovery · 2026Article
- Circadian oscillations in chromatin accessibility systematically orchestrate rhythmic gene transcription in soybean.The Plant cell · 2026Article
357 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The proper activities of enhancers and gene promoters are essential for coordinated transcription within a cell. Although diverse methodologies have been developed to identify enhancers and promoters, most have tacitly assumed that these elements are distinct. However, studies have unexpectedly shown that regulatory elements may have both enhancer and promoter functions. Here we review these results, focusing on the factors that determine the promoter and/or enhancer activity of regulatory elements. We discuss emerging models that define regulatory elements by accessible DNA and their non-mutually-exclusive abilities to drive transcription initiation (promoter activity) and/or to enhance transcription at other such regions (enhancer activity).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.