ArticleScientific reports2019
Genetic variation regulates the activation and specificity of Restriction-Modification systems in Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Restriction-modification systems are required forProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Epigenetic Phase Variation in Bacterial Adaptation to Environmental Stress: A Narrative Review.Current microbiology · 2026Review
- Eco-evolutionary feedbacks drive the co-occurrence of restriction-modification systems and antimicrobial resistance genes in bacteria.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Restriction-modification systems are required forbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Advances in Diversity, Evolutionary Dynamics and Biotechnological Potential of Restriction-Modification Systems.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Origin, evolution, and success of pbla, the gonococcal beta-lactamase plasmid, and implications for public health.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Zap the clap with DNA: a novel microbicide for preventingAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Phasevarions inMicrobiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Gonococcal Clinical Strains Bearing a CommonmBio · 2022Article
- Genomic Features and Pervasive Negative Selection inMicrobiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Review
- Improving Mobilization of Foreign DNA into Zymomonas mobilis Strain ZM4 by Removal of Multiple Restriction Systems.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2021Article
- Article
- Genome-wide methylome analysis of two strains belonging to the hypervirulent Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W ST-11 clonal complex.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Adaptation to the cervical environment is associated with increased antibiotic susceptibility in Neisseria gonorrhoeae.Nature communications · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Restriction-Modification systems (RMS) are one of the main mechanisms of defence against foreign DNA invasion and can have an important role in the regulation of gene expression. The obligate human pathogen Neisseria gonorrhoeae carries one of the highest loads of RMS in its genome; between 13 to 15 of the three main types. Previous work has described their organization in the reference genome FA1090 and has inferred the associated methylated motifs. Here, we studied the structure of RMS and target methylated motifs in 25 gonococcal strains sequenced with Single Molecule Real-Time (SMRT) technology, which provides data on DNA modification. The results showed a variable picture of active RMS in different strains, with phase variation switching the activity of Type III RMS, and both the activity and specificity of a Type I RMS. Interestingly, the Dam methylase was found in place of the NgoAXI endonuclease in two of the strains, despite being previously thought to be absent in the gonococcus. We also identified the real methylation target of NgoAXII as 5'-GCAGA-3', different from that previously described. Results from this work give further insights into the diversity and dynamics of RMS and methylation patterns in N. gonorrhoeae.
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Registered trials
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