ArticleBMJ open2019
Association of smoking with direct medical expenditures of chronic diseases in north of Jordan: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in BMJ open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Economic Burden of Self-Reported Tobacco Smoking Compared with Non-Smoking: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Direct Health Care Costs.Advances in therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Pharmacoeconomic Aspects of Diabetes Mellitus: Outcomes and Analysis of Health Benefits Approach.Current diabetes reviews · 2024Review
- Prevalence and associated factors of non-communicable chronic diseases among university academics in Jordan.PloS one · 2024Article
- Retrospective assessment of acute poisoning incidents by pharmaceutical agents in Jordan: Data from Pharmacy One™ Poison Call Center, 2014 to 2018-Part II.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2020Article
- Prevalence of Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Factors among Jordanians.Journal of the Saudi Heart Association · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to estimate the association of smoking with the direct medical expenditures for chronic disease management in north of Jordan. DESIGN, SETTING AND
participantsRetrospective cohort study using hospital database. Patients who were diagnosed with at least one chronic disease,were aged 18 years or older and had attended King Abdullah University Hospital for disease management and procedures from 1 July 2015 through 30 June 2016 were included in the study.
main outcome measuresThe outcome of interest was the direct medical expenditures for chronic disease management according to smoking status.
resultsData were collected from 845 patients having at least one chronic disease (mean age of 61±10.7 years). Smokers formed 22% of total patients. The back transformed mean total expenditure per patient of smokers, former smokers and non-smokers was 875 JD, 928 JD and 774 JD, respectively. Drugs were the most expensive healthcare resource used, accounting for 43% of total expenditure, followed by inpatient-related and outpatient-related services (19%). Smokers and former smokers were associated with the highest inpatient expenditures and inpatient-related and outpatient-related services expenditures. However, smokers were associated with the lowest outpatient and medication expenditures.
conclusionsSmokers and former smokers presented with higher statistically significant inpatient-related and outpatient-related services expenditures and higher transformed mean total expenditures compared to non-smokers; highlighting this economic burden is useful for promoting tobacco control policies.
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