ArticlePLoS biology2019
Shaping of a three-dimensional carnivorous trap through modulation of a planar growth mechanism.
Article in PLoS biology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
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- A 3-component module maintains sepal flatness in Arabidopsis.Current biology : CB · 2024Article
- Leaf form diversity and evolution: a never-ending story in plant biology.Journal of plant research · 2024Review
- Mechanism of the Pulvinus-Driven Leaf Movement: An Overview.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Computer models of cell polarity establishment in plants.Plant physiology · 2023Review
- The annotation and analysis of complex 3D plant organs using 3DCoordX.Plant physiology · 2022Article
- Pole position: How plant cells polarize along the axes.The Plant cell · 2022Review
- A Historical Perspective of Bladderworts (Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Riddled with holes: Understanding air space formation in plant leaves.PLoS biology · 2021Review
- Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Cell Wall Components in the Placentas, Ovules and Female Gametophytes ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Article
- Genetic Basis of Carnivorous Leaf Development.Frontiers in plant science · 2021Review
- Rapid movements in plants.Journal of plant research · 2021Review
- On folding morphogenesis, a mechanical problem.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2020Review
- Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Leaves display a remarkable range of forms, from flat sheets with simple outlines to cup-shaped traps. Although much progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms of planar leaf development, it is unclear whether similar or distinctive mechanisms underlie shape transformations during development of more complex curved forms. Here, we use 3D imaging and cellular and clonal analysis, combined with computational modelling, to analyse the development of cup-shaped traps of the carnivorous plant Utricularia gibba. We show that the transformation from a near-spherical form at early developmental stages to an oblate spheroid with a straightened ventral midline in the mature form can be accounted for by spatial variations in rates and orientations of growth. Different hypotheses regarding spatiotemporal control predict distinct patterns of cell shape and size, which were tested experimentally by quantifying cellular and clonal anisotropy. We propose that orientations of growth are specified by a proximodistal polarity field, similar to that hypothesised to account for Arabidopsis leaf development, except that in Utricularia, the field propagates through a highly curved tissue sheet. Independent evidence for the polarity field is provided by the orientation of glandular hairs on the inner surface of the trap. Taken together, our results show that morphogenesis of complex 3D leaf shapes can be accounted for by similar mechanisms to those for planar leaves, suggesting that simple modulations of a common growth framework underlie the shaping of a diverse range of morphologies.
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