ArticleMMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report2019
Vital Signs: Burden and Prevention of Influenza and Pertussis Among Pregnant Women and Infants - United States.
Article in MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccine uptake and barriers to vaccination among at-risk adult populations in the US.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Pooled it
- The Impact of Maternal Influenza Infection and Vaccination During Pregnancy on Birth Outcomes.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2026Article
- Article
- Tetanus Control in the United States and Global Disaster Settings: Public Health Disparities and Prevention Strategies.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Vaccinations for Expecting Mothers to Improve Pregnancy Care in Middle Tennessee.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Cost-effectiveness of immunization strategies to protect infants against respiratory syncytial virus in the Netherlands.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Influenza and Pertussis Immunization During Pregnancy in Greece.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Low maternal pertussis protection and quantified infant risk: supporting maternal Tdap vaccination in China.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Preventing Influenza Virus Infection and Severe Influenza Among Pregnant People and Infants.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2024Article
- Parental practices that influence children's development: how often are they implemented and by whom-results from the NASCITA birth cohort study.European journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Vaccination coverage during pregnancy and factors associated with refusal of recommended vaccinations: An Italian cross sectional study.Vaccine: X · 2024Article
- Routine Vaccination During Pregnancy Among People Living With HIV in the United States.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Vaccination during pregnancy by race/ethnicity: a focus on American Indians/Alaska Natives.AJOG global reports · 2024Article
- Racial and ethnic disparities in influenza vaccination coverage among pregnant women in the United States: The contribution of vaccine-related attitudes.Preventive medicine · 2023Article
- The Present and Future Aspects of Life-Long Pertussis Prevention: Narrative Review with Regional Perspectives for Türkiye.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2023Review
- US Infant Pertussis Incidence Trends Before and After Implementation of the Maternal Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis Vaccine.JAMA pediatrics · 2023Article
- Association Between Influenza Vaccination During Pregnancy and Infant Influenza Vaccination.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2023Article
- Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Acellular Pertussis Vaccination Coverage Among Publicly Insured Pregnant Women, U.S., 2016-2019.AJPM focus · 2023Article
- Surveillance Systems for Monitoring Vaccination Coverage with Vaccines Recommended for Pregnant Women, United States.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2023Article
- Maternal vaccination-current status, challenges, and opportunities.The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionVaccinating pregnant women with influenza vaccine and tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) can reduce influenza and pertussis risk for themselves and their infants.
methodsSurveillance data were analyzed to ascertain influenza-associated hospitalization among pregnant women and infant hospitalization and death associated with influenza and pertussis. An Internet panel survey was conducted during March 27-April 8, 2019, among women aged 18-49 years who reported being pregnant any time since August 1, 2018. Influenza vaccination before or during pregnancy was assessed among respondents with known influenza vaccination status who were pregnant any time during October 2018-January 2019 (2,097). Tdap receipt during pregnancy was assessed among respondents with known Tdap status who reported a live birth by their survey date (817).
resultsFrom 2010-11 to 2017-18, pregnant women accounted for 24%-34% of influenza-associated hospitalizations per season among females aged 15-44 years. From 2010 to 2017, a total of 3,928 pertussis-related hospitalizations were reported among infants aged <2 months (annual range = 262-743). Maternal influenza and Tdap vaccination coverage rates reported as of April 2019 were 53.7% and 54.9%, respectively. Among women whose health care providers offered vaccination or provided referrals, 65.7% received influenza vaccine and 70.5% received Tdap. The most commonly reported reasons for nonvaccination were believing the vaccine is not effective (influenza; 17.6%) and not knowing that vaccination is needed during each pregnancy (Tdap; 37.9%), followed by safety concerns for the infant (influenza =15.9%; Tdap = 17.1%). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE: Many pregnant women do not receive the vaccines recommended to protect themselves and their infants, even when vaccination is offered. CDC and provider organizations' resources are available to help providers convey strong, specific recommendations for influenza and Tdap vaccination that are responsive to pregnant women's concerns.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.