ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2019
Line Immunoassay for Confirmation and Discrimination of Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Infections in Inconclusive Western Blot Serum Samples from Brazil.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of Human T-Lymphotropic Viruses 1 and 2 in Individuals Infected with Hepatitis C Virus in Belém do Pará, Brazil.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Article
- HTLV-1 in Pregnancy and Neonatal Health: Evidence, Challenges, and Future Directions.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Evaluation of human T-cell leukemia virus in vitro diagnostics using plasma specimens collected in Japan.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Development and validation of a duplex real-time PCR for the rapid detection and quantitation of HTLV-1.Virology journal · 2023Article
- HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections in patients with endemic mycoses in São Paulo, Brazil: A cross-sectional, observational study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2022Article
- Western blot using Trypanosoma cruzi chimeric recombinant proteins for the serodiagnosis of chronic Chagas disease: A proof-of-concept study.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Development and Validation of Multiplex Quantitative Real-Time PCR Assays for Simultaneous Detection and Differentiation of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2, Using Different PCR Platforms and Reagent Brands.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- A novel high performing multiplex immunoassay Multi-HTLV for serological confirmation and typing of HTLV infections.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Blocking HTLV-1/2 silent transmission in Brazil: Current public health policies and proposal for additional strategies.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Review
- Laboratory diagnosis of human T-lymphotropic virus in Brazil: assays, flowcharts, challenges, and perspectives.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2021Article
- Brazilian Protocol for Sexually Transmitted Infections 2020: human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infection.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2021Article
- Specificity of HTLV screening tests and its impact on health care program costs: The perspective of antenatal screening in Brazil.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2021Article
- HTLV-1 targets human placental trophoblasts in seropositive pregnant women.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2020Article
- Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Assay for Rapid and Accurate Confirmatory Diagnosis of HTLV-1/2 Infection.Viruses · 2020Article
- Article
- Surveillance of human retroviruses in blood samples from patients with hepatitis B and C in São Paulo, Brazil.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2020Article
- Pooling of sera for human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) screening in a time of increasing health care expenditure and limited resources.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Difficulties in confirming and discriminating human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and HTLV-2 infections by serological Western blot (WB) assays (HTLV Blot 2.4; MP Biomedicals) have been reported in Brazil, mainly in HIV/AIDS patients, with a large number of WB-indeterminate and WB-positive but HTLV-untypeable results. Nonetheless, a line immunoassay (LIA) (INNO-LIA HTLV-I/II; Fujirebio) provided enhanced specificity and sensitivity for confirming HTLV-1/2 infections. To add information concerning the improved ability of the LIA in relation to WB when applied to samples of individuals from different risk groups from Brazil, we performed the present study. Three groups were analyzed: group 1 (G1), with 62 samples from HIV/AIDS patients from São Paulo, SP (48 WB indeterminate and 14 HTLV untypeable); group 2 (G2), with 24 samples from patients with hepatitis B or hepatitis C from São Paulo (21 WB indeterminate and 3 HTLV untypeable; 17 HIV seropositive); and group 3 (G3), with 25 samples from an HTLV outpatient clinic in Salvador, Bahia (16 WB indeterminate and 9 HTLV untypeable; all HIV seronegative). Overall, the LIA confirmed HTLV-1/2 infection (HTLV-1, HTLV-2, or HTLV) in 66.1% (G1), 83.3% (G2), and 76.0% (G3) of samples. Interestingly, the majority of WB-indeterminate results were confirmed by the LIA as being HTLV-2 positive in G1 and G2 but not in G3, in which the samples were defined as being HTLV-1 or HTLV positive. These results agree with the virus types that circulate in such patients of different regions in Brazil and emphasize that the LIA is the best serological test for confirming HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections, independently of being applied in HTLV-monoinfected or HTLV-coinfected individuals.
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