SynthesisEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society2019
Pulmonary complications of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer.
Synthesis in European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical Value of Nutritional Assessment Tools in Older Adults with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Integrative Review.Clinical interventions in aging · 2025Pooled it
- Risk factors for checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis in lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Fatal Adverse Events Associated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Thoracoscopic biopsy should be considered for pulmonary nodules with the halo sign during immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Etiologies and Outcomes of Acute Respiratory Failure in Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Research square · 2026Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Pneumonitis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Narrative Review of Incidence and Clinical Risk Factors.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Review
- Adverse drug reaction assessment of pembrolizumab and nivolumab in esophageal cancer treatment based on the US FAERS database.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- From inflammatory phenotypes to clinical decisions: a stratified diagnostic and therapeutic framework for CIP.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Drug-Induced Interstitial Lung Disease in Lung Cancer Patients.Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases · 2026Review
- NLRP3 inflammasomes at the ARDS-cancer interface: mechanisms and translational hypotheses.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Sequential immune-related nephritis and pneumonitis during immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a case report.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Risk factors and nomogram prediction model for checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Checkpoint Inhibitor Pneumonitis: Key Insights for Pulmonologists.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with lung cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a retrospective nationwide population-based cohort study from South Korea.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Efficacy and safety of nivolumab and ipilimumab with or without chemotherapy for unresectable non-small cell lung cancer: a multicenter retrospective observational study.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Observational
- Krebs von den Lungen-6 surveillance in immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced pneumonitis.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- First-line chemoimmunotherapy for patients with small-cell lung cancer and interstitial lung abnormality: CIP risk and prognostic analysis.Thoracic cancer · 2024Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy‑related pneumonitis: How, when and why to diagnose and manage (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2024Review
- Subjective symptoms are triggers for the detection of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced interstitial lung disease and associate with disease severity: a single-center retrospective study.Journal of pharmaceutical health care and sciences · 2024Article
- Regulation of post-translational modification of PD-L1 and associated opportunities for novel small-molecule therapeutics.Future medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (ICI-P) during cancer treatment is rarely observed (<5%). ICI-P is more often observed in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) than in those with other cancers. Likewise, it is more common in those receiving programmed cell death (PD)-1/PD-1 ligand inhibitors rather than cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen (CTLA)-4 inhibitors alone. The frequency of ICI-P is higher when anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 are administered concomitantly. Despite the low fatality rate (≈13%), ICI-P is the leading cause of ICI-related deaths. This narrative review focuses on the epidemiology, clinical and radiological presentation and prognosis of ICI-P occurring in patients, especially those with advanced NSCLC. Emphasis is placed on the differences in terms of frequency or clinical picture observed depending on whether the ICI is used as monotherapy or in combination with another ICI or chemotherapy. Other pulmonary complications observed in cancer patients, yet not necessarily immune-related, are reviewed, such as sarcoid-like granulomatosis, tuberculosis or other infections. A proposal for pragmatic management, including differential diagnosis and therapeutic strategies, is presented, based on the ICI-P series reported in the literature and published guidelines.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.