ArticleThe New phytologist2020
A lysin motif effector subverts chitin-triggered immunity to facilitate arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis.
Article in The New phytologist, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.
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Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 123 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lysin Motif Effectors Facilitate the Endophytic Colonization of Wheat by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum via Modulating Plant Immunity.Molecular plant pathology · 2026Article
- Genomic signatures of host-range divergence in the generalist Beauveria bassiana and the specialist Beauveria brongniartii.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2026Article
- Cross-kingdom RNA interference promotes arbuscular mycorrhiza development.Nature plants · 2026Article
- Comparative genome analysis identifies necrosis-inducing effectors in the lentil pathogen Ascochyta lentis in isolates with distinct virulence profiles.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Characterization of the Effector Candidate Repertoire in the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal FungusJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Genomic analysis ofMycoscience · 2026Article
- Review
- The Nuclear Effector RIRG190 Interacts with SAS10 to Regulate Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Gatekeepers and Gatecrashers of the Symplasm: Cross-Kingdom Effector Manipulation of Plasmodesmata in Plants.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Establishment of an efficient Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation system for an Armillaria species, a host of the fully mycoheterotrophic plant Gastrodia elata.Folia microbiologica · 2025Article
- Molecular Tactics of Biocontrol Fungi to Hack Plant Immunity for Successful Host Colonization-A Focus onMicroorganisms · 2025Review
- Unravelling the Molecular Dialogue of Beneficial Microbe-Plant Interactions.Plant, cell & environment · 2025Review
- The Rhizophagus irregularis permease RiFTR1 functions without a ferroxidase partner for reductive iron transport.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Fungal effectors: past, present, and future.Current opinion in microbiology · 2024Review
- A receptor required for chitin perception facilitates arbuscular mycorrhizal associations and distinguishes root symbiosis from immunity.Current biology : CB · 2024Article
- Spatial co-transcriptomics reveals discrete stages of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis.Nature plants · 2024Article
- Breaking down barriers: comprehensive functional analysis of the Aspergillus niger chitin synthase repertoire.Fungal biology and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Exploring the potential role of fourFrontiers in plant science · 2024Article
- Co-evolution within the plant holobiont drives host performance.EMBO reports · 2023Review
- Suppression of Chitin-Triggered Immunity by Plant Fungal Pathogens: A Case Study of the Cucurbit Powdery Mildew FungusJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi greatly improve mineral uptake by host plants in nutrient-depleted soil and can intracellularly colonize root cortex cells in the vast majority of higher plants. However, AM fungi possess common fungal cell wall components such as chitin that can be recognized by plant chitin receptors to trigger immune responses, raising the question as to how AM fungi effectively evade chitin-triggered immune responses during symbiosis. In this study, we characterize a secreted lysin motif (LysM) effector identified from the model AM fungal species Rhizophagus irregularis, called RiSLM. RiSLM is one of the highest expressed effector proteins in intraradical mycelium during the symbiosis. In vitro binding assays show that RiSLM binds chitin-oligosaccharides and can protect fungal cell walls from chitinases. Moreover, RiSLM efficiently interferes with chitin-triggered immune responses, such as defence gene induction and reactive oxygen species production in Medicago truncatula. Although RiSLM also binds to symbiotic (lipo)chitooligosaccharides it does not interfere significantly with symbiotic signalling in Medicago. Host-induced gene silencing of RiSLM greatly reduces fungal colonization levels. Taken together, our results reveal a key role for AM fungal LysM effectors to subvert chitin-triggered immunity in symbiosis, pointing to a common role for LysM effectors in both symbiotic and pathogenic fungi.
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