ArticleEpidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)2020
Spatial-Temporal Cluster Analysis of Childhood Cancer in California.
Article in Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- "We adjusted for race": now what? A systematic review of utilization and reporting of race in American Journal of Epidemiology and Epidemiology, 2020-2021.Epidemiologic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Gene-Temperature Interactions and Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Spatial analysis of residential location at birth, PFAS in public water, and childhood cancers in Southern California (2000-2019).Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- Phthalates measured at birth and risk of testicular cancer in adolescents and young adults.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2026Article
- Space-time clustering of childhood high hyperdiploid B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a nationwide Swedish study.European journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Spatio-temporal quasi-experimental methods for rare disease outcomes: the impact of reformulated gasoline on childhood haematologic cancer.Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A, (Statistics in Society) · 2025Article
- Geographic Variation in Late-Stage Cervical Cancer Diagnosis.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Article
- Neighborhood Deprivation, Indoor Chemical Concentrations, and Spatial Risk for Childhood Leukemia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Looking Towards 2030: Strengthening the Environmental Health in Childhood-Adolescent Cancer Survivor Programs.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Article
- Childhood Leukemia in Small Geographical Areas and Proximity to Industrial Sources of Air Pollutants in Three Colombian Cities.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe observance of nonrandom space-time groupings of childhood cancer has been a concern of health professionals and the general public for decades. Many childhood cancers are suspected to have initiated in utero; therefore, we examined the spatial-temporal randomness of the birthplace of children who later developed cancer.
methodsWe performed a space-time cluster analysis using birth addresses of 5,896 cases and 23,369 population-based, age-, sex-, and race/ethnicity-matched controls in California from 1997 to 2007, evaluating 20 types of childhood cancer and three a priori designated subgroups of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We analyzed data using a newly designed semiparametric analysis program, ClustR, and a common algorithm, SaTScan.
resultsWe observed evidence for nonrandom space-time clustering for ALL diagnosed at 2-6 years of age in the South San Francisco Bay Area (ClustR P = 0.04, SaTScan P = 0.07), and malignant gonadal germ cell tumors in a region of Los Angeles (ClustR P = 0.03, SaTScan P = 0.06). ClustR did not identify evidence of clustering for other childhood cancers, although SaTScan suggested some clustering for Hodgkin lymphoma (P = 0.09), astrocytoma (P = 0.06), and retinoblastoma (P = 0.06).
conclusionsOur study provides evidence that childhood ALL diagnosed at 2-6 years and malignant gonadal germ cell tumors sporadically occurs in nonrandom space-time clusters. Further research is warranted to identify epidemiologic features that may inform the underlying etiology.
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