ArticleJournal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine2019
The Effects of Transgender Hormone Therapy on Sleep and Breathing: A Case Series.
Article in Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex, hormones, and lung health.Physiological reviews · 2026Review
- Sleep apnea risk in transmasculine individuals on testosterone therapy: A population-based cohort study.International journal of transgender health · 2026Article
- On the origins of sleep disordered breathing, cardiorespiratory and metabolic dysfunction: which came first, the chicken or the egg?The Journal of physiology · 2023Article
- Article
- Images: Irregular sleep-wake rhythm disorder in transgender individuals.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2023Article
- Screening for sleep apnoea risk in testosterone-treated transgender men.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- The complex relation between obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, hypogonadism and testosterone replacement therapy.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2023Review
- Sleep disturbance and suicide risk among sexual and gender minority people.Neurobiology of stress · 2022Article
- Gender identity and transition: relationships with sleep disorders in US youth.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2022Article
- Sex and gender in respiratory physiology.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2021Article
- Evaluation and treatment of facial feminization surgery: part I. forehead, orbits, eyebrows, eyes, and nose.Archives of plastic surgery · 2021Article
- Gender Issues in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2021Review
- Associations Between Transgender Identity, Sleep, Mental Health and Suicidality Among a North American Cohort of College Students.Nature and science of sleep · 2021Article
- On Not Knowing What We Don't Know to Knowing What We Don't Know: Obstructive Sleep Apnea in the Transgender Community.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2019Article
- Sleep and Mental Health Disorders in Transgender Individuals on Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy at a Tertiary Care Centre.Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolismArticle
- IDEA Group Consensus Statement on Medical Management of Adult Gender Incongruent Individuals Seeking Gender Affirmation as Male.Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolismReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
None: The effect of hormone therapy on sleep-disordered breathing in transgender patients has not been described. We present three cases of patients undergoing gender reassignment and treated with hormone replacement. The first case was a transgender woman (assigned male at birth) with a prolonged history of severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) that resolved following initiation of female sex hormones. The second and third cases both address transgender males (assigned female at birth) in whom OSA developed following initiation of male sex hormones (with pretreatment polysomnography documenting absence of OSA). The growing interest in transgender health warrants further evaluation of the effects of related therapies on sleep and sleep-disordered breathing.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.