Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31595960›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of epidemiology2020

Heterogeneous Exposure Associations in Observational Cohort Studies: The Example of Blood Pressure in Older Adults.

Michelle C Odden, Andreea M Rawlings, Abtin Khodadadi, Xiaoli Fern, Michael G Shlipak, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Kenneth Covinsky, Alka M Kanaya, Anne Lee, Mary N Haan and 3 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of epidemiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact, top 88% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Michelle C OddenDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Andreea M RawlingsSchool of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.
Abtin KhodadadiSchool of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.
Xiaoli FernSchool of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.
Michael G ShlipakDepartment of Medicine, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California.
Kirsten Bibbins-DomingoDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Kenneth CovinskyDepartment of Medicine, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California.
Alka M KanayaDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Anne LeeDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Mary N HaanDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Anne B NewmanDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Bruce M PsatyDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Carmen A PeraltaDepartment of Medicine, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California.
University of California, San Francisco · USOregon State University · USSan Francisco VA Medical Center · USStanford University · US

Funding

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF FUNCTIONAL STATUS IN ELDERLY HISPANICSR01AG012975 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI HAAN, MARY N · 1997 to 2015
$13.8M
Exceptional Survival: Trajectories to Functional Aging (CHS All Stars)R01AG023629 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI NEWMAN, ANNE B. · 2004 to 2016
$9.5M
CHS research resources for the cardiovascular health of older adultsU01HL130114 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI BURKE, GREGORY L, KRONMAL, RICHARD A · 2016 to 2019
$6.6M
CHS Events Follow-up StudyU01HL080295 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI PSATY, BRUCE M · 2005 to 2008
$4.6M
Peripheral Nerve Function Decline in an Aged CohortR01AG028050 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI STROTMEYER, ELSA S. · 2007 to 2015
$3.5M
End of Life in the Very OldR01NR012459 · NINR · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI ALBERT, STEVEN M, LUNNEY, JUNE R · 2011 to 2015
$2.7M
Role of EIIIA fibronectin in pulmonary fibrosisR01HL085083 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI WHITE, ERIC S · 2007 to 2011
$1.9M
A New Paradigm for Hypertension in the Elderly- Beyond AgeR01AG046206 · NIA · NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE/RES/EDU · PI ODDEN, MICHELLE CHRISTINA, PERALTA, CARMEN ALICIA · 2014 to 2018
$1.4M
CORONARY HEART DISEASE &STROKE IN PEOPLE AGED 65 TO 84N01HC085079 · HC · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · 1988 to 2005
–
CORONARY HEART DISEASE &STROKE IN PEOPLE AGED 65-84N01HC085081 · HC · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI FRIED, LINDA P · 1988 to 2000
–
CHS-Transition Phase -268055222-268055222N01HC055222 · HC · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI KRONMAL, RICHARD A · 2005 to 2006
–
CORONARY HEART DISEASE AND STROKE IN PEOPLE AGED 65-84N01HC085082 · HC · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI KULLER, LEWIS H · 1988 to 2000
–
NHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268200800007CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201200036CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800001CNHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC055222NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC085079NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC085080NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC085081NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC085082NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC085083NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC085086NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL080295NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL130114NIA NIH HHS R01 AG012975NIA NIH HHS R01 AG023629NIA NIH HHS R01 AG028050NIA NIH HHS R01 AG046206NINR NIH HHS R01 NR012459
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Heterogeneous exposure associations (HEAs) can be defined as differences in the association of an exposure with an outcome among subgroups that differ by a set of characteristics. In this article, we intend to foster discussion of HEAs in the epidemiologic literature and present a variant of the random forest algorithm that can be used to identify HEAs. We demonstrate the use of this algorithm in the setting of the association between systolic blood pressure and death in older adults. The training set included pooled data from the baseline examination of the Cardiovascular Health Study (1989-1993), the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study (1997-1998), and the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging (1998-1999). The test set included data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2002). The hazard ratios ranged from 1.25 (95% confidence interval: 1.13, 1.37) per 10-mm Hg increase in systolic blood pressure among men aged ≤67 years with diastolic blood pressure greater than 80 mm Hg to 1.00 (95% confidence interval: 0.96, 1.03) among women with creatinine concentration ≤0.7 mg/dL and a history of hypertension. HEAs have the potential to improve our understanding of disease mechanisms in diverse populations and guide the design of randomized controlled trials to control exposures in heterogeneous populations.

Indexed as

Blood PressureData Interpretation, StatisticalEpidemiologic MethodsAgedAlgorithmsBlood Pressure DeterminationCohort StudiesFemaleHumansHypertensionMaleNutrition SurveysObservational Studies as TopicProportional Hazards Modelsblood pressureeffect modificationepidemiologic methodsrandom forests

Identifiers

PMID31595960
PMCPMC7119301
OpenAlexW2979518323

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.