SynthesisCirculation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes2019
Dog Ownership and Survival: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Dog ownership and mental health among community-dwelling older adults: A systematic review.International journal of geriatric psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Association between Pet Ownership and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Human-animal interactions: starting with pets of children with cerebral palsy.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2026Trial
- Functional Outcomes in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Animal-Assisted Therapy on Middle-Aged and Older Adults with Schizophrenia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Responses to Aversive Acoustic Stimuli in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Moderation by the Presence of a Service Dog in Training.Psychophysiology · 2026Article
- Investigating the Potential Protective Effect of Dog Ownership on Incident Disabling Dementia and Its Cost-Effectiveness.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Outcomes in the Older Appalachian Trauma Population After Falls Caused by Dogs: Who Let the Dogs Out?Cureus · 2026Article
- Companion animals support human wellbeing and health: evolutionary, behavioral and physiological contexts.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Review
- Factors of pet ownership associated with human health: A representative cross-sectional survey of Switzerland.PloS one · 2026Article
- Animal-assisted resilience in space exploration: a human factors approach to astronaut behavioral health.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Article
- Dog Owners Exhibit Better Diet Quality but Similar Physical Activity Compared to Non-Owners: A Case-Control Study.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Association of new dog ownership with physical activity and social contact: the retrospective study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Pet ownership and risk of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of general psychiatry · 2025Article
- Diverse human dimensions affect the management of public and animal health impacts of free-roaming dogs in Australia: a One Health solution.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Review
- Pet ownership, pet-related characteristics, and sleep quality among older adults in China: a nationwide cross-sectional study.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Article
- Investigation of dog ownership and physical activity on weekdays and weekends using longitudinal data from the SOEP Cohort.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Dog, cat, bird, fish, and other pet ownership and mortality: Evidence from the HILDA cohort.PloS one · 2024Article
- The Use of Diets in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Gastrointestinal Diseases in Dogs and Cats.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDog ownership has been associated with decreased cardiovascular risk. Recent reports have suggested an association of dog companionship with lower blood pressure levels, improved lipid profile, and diminished sympathetic responses to stress. However, it is unclear if dog ownership is associated with improved survival as previous studies have yielded inconsistent results. Thus, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association of dog ownership with all-cause mortality, with and without prior cardiovascular disease, and cardiovascular mortality. METHODS AND
resultsStudies published between 1950 and May 24, 2019 were identified by searching Embase and PubMed. Observational studies that evaluated baseline dog ownership and subsequent all-cause mortality or cardiovascular mortality. Two independent reviewers extracted the data. We assessed pooled data using random-effects model. A possible limitation was that the analyses were not adjusted for confounders. Ten studies were included yielding data from 3 837 005 participants (530 515 events; mean follow-up 10.1 years). Dog ownership was associated with a 24% risk reduction for all-cause mortality as compared to nonownership (relative risk, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.67-0.86) with 6 studies demonstrating significant reduction in the risk of death. Notably, in individuals with prior coronary events, living in a home with a dog was associated with an even more pronounced risk reduction for all-cause mortality (relative risk, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.17-0.69;
conclusionsDog ownership is associated with lower risk of death over the long term, which is possibly driven by a reduction in cardiovascular mortality. Systematic Review Registration URL: http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/. Unique identifier: CRD42018111048.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.