ArticleMarine pollution bulletin2019
Alterations of the human skin microbiome after ocean water exposure.
Article in Marine pollution bulletin, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitiligo and the microbiome of the gut and skin: a systematic review.Archives of dermatological research · 2025Pooled it
- The skin microbiome in dermatologic disease.Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2025Review
- Yanomami skin microbiome complexity challenges prevailing concepts of healthy skin.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Identification of Occupations in Different Populations Based on Skin Microbial Characteristics.Current microbiology · 2025Article
- The Role of the Skin Microbiome in Acne: Challenges and Future Therapeutic Opportunities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
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- Article
- Towards standardized and reproducible research in skin microbiomes.Environmental microbiology · 2022Review
- Effect of Solar Radiation on Skin Microbiome: Study of Two Populations.Microorganisms · 2022Article
- Swimming and the human microbiome at the intersection of sports, clinical, and environmental sciences: A scoping review of the literature.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Microbiome characterization of alpine water springs for human consumption reveals site- and usage-specific microbial signatures.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Bacterial community dynamics during embryonic development of the little skate (Leucoraja erinacea).Animal microbiome · 2021Article
- A Journey on the Skin Microbiome: Pitfalls and Opportunities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- 16S rRNA gene sequencing data of the human skin microbiome before and after swimming in the ocean.Data in brief · 2021Article
- Challenges in exploring and manipulating the human skin microbiome.Microbiome · 2021Review
- Streptococcal Infections in Marine Mammals.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Characteristics of Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Full-Scale Drinking Water Treatment System Using Metagenomics and Culturing.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Microbiome in Healthy Women Between Two Districts With Different Air Quality Index.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Skin is the body's first line of defense against invading microorganisms. The skin microbiome has been shown to provide immunity against exogenous bacterial colonization. Recreational water exposures may alter the skin microbiome and potentially induce skin infections. This study explored the link between ocean water exposures and the human skin microbiome. Skin microbiome samples were collected, using swabs, from human participants' calves before and after they swam in the ocean, and at 6 hour and 24 hour post-swim. Genomic analysis showed that skin microbiomes were different among individuals before swimming. But after swimming, microbial communities were no longer different, which was demonstrated by a decrease in inter-sample diversity. Taxonomic analysis showed that ocean bacteria, including potential pathogens, replaced the native skin bacteria and remained on the skin for at least 24 hour post-swim. This research provides insight into the relationship between the human skin microbiome and the environment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.