ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2019
Cerebral Palsy: Early Markers of Clinical Phenotype and Functional Outcome.
3 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 93 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
93citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
32.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effects of a Different Exteroceptive Experience on the Early Motor Repertoire in Infants With Down Syndrome
An Observational Cohort Study of Prognostic Value of Generalized Movements in the Diagnosis of Neurological Diseases in Children
NCT07449312 naactive not recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation
Movement Imitation Therapy for Preterm Babies (MIT-PB): How Does This Early Intervention Influence the Neuromotor Outcome of Infants Presenting Abnormal General Movements?
Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 230 citations in OpenAlex.
- Motor outcomes in individuals born small for gestational age at term: a systematic review.BMC pediatrics · 2024Pooled it
- Early predictors of neurodevelopment after perinatal arterial ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Pediatric research · 2023Pooled it
- General movement based therapy to support neurodevelopment of preterm infants: a randomized clinical trial.Pediatric research · 2026Trial
- Immediate Skin-to-Skin Contact in Very Preterm Neonates and Early Childhood Neurodevelopment: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Development and Validation of a Deep Learning Method to Predict Cerebral Palsy From Spontaneous Movements in Infants at High Risk.JAMA network open · 2022Trial
- Deep learning-based quantitative analyses of spontaneous movements and their association with early neurological development in preterm infants.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Fidgety Movement Classification in Preterm Infants Without Major Structural Brain Abnormalities: Associations with Gestational Age, Birth Weight, and Neonatal Morbidity.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- General movements and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years of age in infants born very preterm.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2026Article
- Risk profiles of motor deficits in preterm infants: a cluster analysis approach.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Feasibility of the Baby Moves app for remote General Movements Assessment: a prospective observational cohort study in an Italian infant population.BMJ paediatrics open · 2026Observational
- Patent Ductus Arteriosus Persistence and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes: A Restrictive Treatment Approach Does Not Compromise Neurological Development.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Article
- Early cerebral palsy risk screening through wearable accelerometry in infants under nine weeks.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Neurologic Evaluation of Premature Infants at Term Equivalent Age: Too Early or Too Late? A Scoping Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Repeatability of Myotonometric Muscle Measurements in Infants Aged 0-3 Months: Toward an Objective Tool Supporting Early Motor Assessment.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Trajectories of detailed general movements and their association with one-year developmental outcomes in very preterm, moderate-to-late preterm, and term infants.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Cerebral Oxygenation during the First 15 Minutes after Birth and Short-Term Outcome Measured by the Motor Optimality Score-Revised in Preterm Infants.Neonatology · 2026Article
- Infants' General Movements Were Not Affected by Exposure to Maternal Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infections.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Observational
- Epigenetic modifications of VEGF, cerebral hypoxia, and impaired cerebrovascular autoregulation as early indicators for preterm brain injury.Function (Oxford, England) · 2026Observational
- Predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes in Australian First Nations infants: The transdiagnostic utility of early screening tools.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2026Article
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
40 authors at 20 institutions in 16 countries.
Christa EinspielerResearch Unit iDN, Division of Phoniatrics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria. christa.einspieler@medunigraz.at.
Arend F BosUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Division of Neonatology, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands. a.f.bos@umcg.nl.
Magdalena Krieber-TomantschgerResearch Unit iDN, Division of Phoniatrics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria. magdalena.krieber@medunigraz.at.
Elsa AlvaradoNational Rehabilitation Institute, Cerebral Palsy Department, 14389 Mexico City, Mexico. draelsaalvarado@gmail.com.
Vanessa M BarbosaUniversity of Illinois at Chicago, UI Health, Department of Occupational and Physical Therapy, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. vbarbo1@uic.edu.
Natascia BertoncelliUniversity of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Clinical and Surgical Sciences for Mothers, Children and Adults, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, 41124 Modena, Italy. natascia.bertoncelli@gmail.com.
Marlette BurgerStellenbosch University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. mbu@sun.ac.za.
Olena ChornaIRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Department of Developmental Neuroscience, 56128 Pisa, Italy. ochorna@fsm.unipi.it.
Sabrina Del SeccoIRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Department of Developmental Neuroscience, 56128 Pisa, Italy. sabrina.delsecco@gmail.com.
Raye-Ann DeRegnierAnn & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. r-deregnier@northwestern.edu.
Britta HüningUniversity Hospital Essen, Department of Pediatrics I, 45122 Essen, Germany. Britta.Huening@uk-essen.de.
Jooyeon KoDaegu Health College, Department of Physical Therapy, 41453 Daegu, Korea. julie0202@dhc.ac.kr.
Laura LucaccioniUniversity of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Clinical and Surgical Sciences for Mothers, Children and Adults, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, 41124 Modena, Italy. llucaccioni@unimore.it.
Tomoki MaedaOita University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, 879-5593 Oita, Japan. tmaeda@oita-u.ac.jp.
Viviana MarchiIRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Department of Developmental Neuroscience, 56128 Pisa, Italy. v.marchi@fsm.unipi.it.
Erika MartínChildren's Rehabilitation Institute Teleton, 72825 Puebla, Mexico. martin@teleton-pue.org.mx.
Catherine MorganThe University of Sydney Medical School, Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, The Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney 2050, NSW, Australia. CMorgan@cerebralpalsy.org.au.
Akmer MutluHacettepe University, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Developmental and Early Physiotherapy Unit, 06100 Ankara, Turkey. akmer@hacettepe.edu.tr.
Alice NogolováMunicipal Hospital of Ostrava, Children 's Department, 72880 Ostrava, Czech Republic. alice.nogolova@mnof.cz.
Jasmin PansyMedical University of Graz, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, 8036 Graz, Austria. jasmin.pansy@medunigraz.at.
Colleen PeytonNorthwestern University, Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Science, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. colleen.peyton1@northwestern.edu.
Florian B PokornyResearch Unit iDN, Division of Phoniatrics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria. florian.pokorny@medunigraz.at.
Lucia R PrinslooCerebral Palsy Association Eastern Cape, Port Elizabeth 6001, South Africa. lurindap@cpaec.org.za.
Eileen RicciUniversity of New England/Maine LEND Program, Portland, ME 04103, USA. ericci@une.edu.
Lokesh SainiPost Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Neurology Division, Chandigarh 160012, India. drlokeshsaini@gmail.com.
Anna ScheucheneggerMedical University of Graz, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, 8036 Graz, Austria. a.scheuchenegger@medunigraz.at.
Cinthia R D SilvaRede SARAH de Hospitais de Reabilitação, Reabilitação Infantil, 30510-000 Belo Horizonte, Brazil. cinthia.diniz.silva@gmail.com.
Marina SoloveichickLady Davis Carmel Medical Center, NICU Developmental Follow-up Clinic, 34362 Haifa, Israel. marinaso@clalit.org.il.
Alicia J SpittleUniversity of Melbourne, School of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy, Parkville 3052, Australia. aspittle@unimelb.edu.au.
Moreno ToldoKiran Society for Rehabilitation and Education of Children with Disabilities, Varanasi 221011, India. medico@kiranvillage.org.
Fabiana UtschRede SARAH de Hospitais de Reabilitação, Reabilitação Infantil, 30510-000 Belo Horizonte, Brazil. fabianautsch@gmail.com.
Jeanetta van ZylStellenbosch University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. jivz@sun.ac.za.
Carlos ViñalsNational Rehabilitation Institute, Cerebral Palsy Department, 14389 Mexico City, Mexico. cvinals@inr.gob.mx.
Jun WangChildren's Hospital of Fudan University, Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai 201102, China. 13512183795@163.com.
Hong YangChildren's Hospital of Fudan University, Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai 201102, China. hyang@shmu.edu.cn.
Bilge N Yardımcı-LokmanoğluHacettepe University, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Developmental and Early Physiotherapy Unit, 06100 Ankara, Turkey. bilgenuryardimci@hacettepe.edu.tr.
Giovanni CioniIRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Department of Developmental Neuroscience, 56128 Pisa, Italy. gcioni@fsm.unipi.it.
Fabrizio FerrariUniversity of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Clinical and Surgical Sciences for Mothers, Children and Adults, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, 41124 Modena, Italy. ferrarif@unimore.it.
Andrea GuzzettaIRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Department of Developmental Neuroscience, 56128 Pisa, Italy. a.guzzetta@fsm.unipi.it.
Peter B MarschikResearch Unit iDN, Division of Phoniatrics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria. jivz@sun.ac.za.
Medical University of Graz · ATFondazione Stella Maris · ITUniversity of Modena and Reggio Emilia · ITChildren's Hospital of Fudan University · CNGrupo Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte · BRHacettepe University · TRWestern Cape Department of Health · ZACarmel Medical Center · ILDaegu Health College · KREssen University Hospital · DELurie Children's Hospital · USMasaryk University · CZNorthwestern University · USOita University · JPPost Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research · INScuola Superiore Sant'Anna · ITThe University of Melbourne · AUThe University of Sydney · AUUniversity Medical Center Groningen · NLUniversity of Illinois Chicago · US
Funding
Australasian Cerebral Palsy Clinical Trials Network 1116442Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation OPP 1128871Fondazione Pierfranco e Luisa Mariani R15-96JSPS KAKENHI 15K11705; 18K10748National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia, Career Development Fellowship 1108714National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia, Centre of Excellence 1153176Oesterreichische Nationalbank P16430Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning 2019SY032Shaw Research Grant in Nursing and Allied Health Professions A16-0012
Abstract
The Prechtl General Movement Assessment (GMA) has become a cornerstone assessment in early identification of cerebral palsy (CP), particularly during the fidgety movement period at 3-5 months of age. Additionally, assessment of motor repertoire, such as antigravity movements and postural patterns, which form the Motor Optimality Score (MOS), may provide insight into an infant's later motor function. This study aimed to identify early specific markers for ambulation, gross motor function (using the Gross Motor Function Classification System, GMFCS), topography (unilateral, bilateral), and type (spastic, dyskinetic, ataxic, and hypotonic) of CP in a large worldwide cohort of 468 infants. We found that 95% of children with CP did not have fidgety movements, with 100% having non-optimal MOS. GMFCS level was strongly correlated to MOS. An MOS > 14 was most likely associated with GMFCS outcomes I or II, whereas GMFCS outcomes IV or V were hardly ever associated with an MOS
Indexed as
cerebral palsydyskinesiafidgety movementsgeneral movementsGMFCShemiplegiahypotoniaidentificationmotor optimality scoresegmental movements
Identifiers
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Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.