Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31589971›Full record

ArticleClinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association2020

Levels of Vitamin D Are Low After Crohn's Disease Is Established But Not Before.

Berkeley N Limketkai, Manish B Singla, Benjamin Rodriguez, Ganesh R Veerappan, John D Betteridge, Miguel A Ramos, Susan M Hutfless, Steven R Brant

RetractedOpen access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Nutrients · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Berkeley N LimketkaiHarvey M. and Lyn P. Meyerhoff Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Division of Digestive Diseases, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Manish B SinglaGastroenterology Service, Department of Internal Medicine, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.
Benjamin RodriguezGastroenterology Service, Department of Internal Medicine, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.
Ganesh R VeerappanGastroenterology Service, Department of Internal Medicine, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.
John D BetteridgeGastroenterology Service, Department of Internal Medicine, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland; Lancaster Gastroenterology, Lancaster, Pennsylvania.
Miguel A RamosHarvey M. and Lyn P. Meyerhoff Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Susan M HutflessHarvey M. and Lyn P. Meyerhoff Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
Steven R BrantHarvey M. and Lyn P. Meyerhoff Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, and Department of Genetics and the Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey. Electronic address: steven.brant@rwjms.rutgers.edu.
Walter Reed National Military Medical Center · USJohns Hopkins Medicine · USUniversity of California, Los Angeles · US

Funding

Translational Research Enhancement CoreP30DK089502 · NIDDK · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI ZACHOS, NICHOLAS CONSTANTINE · 2011 to 2020
$12.0M
NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK089502
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND &

aimsLow serum levels of vitamin D have been associated with Crohn's disease (CD). However, it is unclear whether low vitamin D levels cause CD or CD reduces serum vitamin D.

methodsUnited States military personnel with CD (n = 240) and randomly selected individuals without CD (controls, n = 240) were matched by age, sex, race, military branch, and geography. We measured 25-hydroxyvitamin D in sera 8-3 years (pre-2) and 3 years to 3 months before diagnosis (pre-1) and 3 months before through 21 months after diagnosis (pre-0). We genotyped VDR and GC vitamin D related polymorphisms. We used conditional logistic regression, including adjustments for smoking, season, enlistment status, and deployment, to estimate relative odds of CD according to vitamin D levels and interactions between genetic factors and levels of vitamin D.

resultsLevels of vitamin D before diagnosis were not associated with CD in pre-2 (P trend = .65) or pre-1 samples (P trend = .84). However, we found an inverse correlation between CD and highest tertile of vitamin D level in post-diagnosis samples (P trend = .01; odds ratio, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.30-0.86). Interactions were not detected between vitamin D levels and VDR or GC polymorphisms. We observed an association between VDR Taq1 polymorphism and CD (independent of vitamin D) (P = .02).

conclusionsIn serum samples from military personnel with CD and matched controls, we found no evidence for an association between CD and vitamin D levels up to 8 years before diagnosis. However, we observed an inverse-association between post-diagnosis vitamin D levels and CD. These findings suggest that low vitamin D does not contribute to development of CD-instead, CD leads to low vitamin D.

Indexed as

Crohn DiseaseVitamin D DeficiencyCase-Control StudiesHumansPolymorphism, GeneticVitamin DVitaminsVitamin DVitaminsAutoimmuneEpidemiologyEtiologyGeneticsIBDInflammatory Bowel DiseaseNutritionReverse Causation

Identifiers

PMID31589971
PMCPMC7163919
OpenAlexW2977267544

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.