ReviewDeutsches Arzteblatt international2019
Central Pontine Myelinosis and Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome.
Review in Deutsches Arzteblatt international, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07430787 (Clinical Significance of Hyponatremia), which is not on this map. Cited by 101 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Clinical Significance of Hyponatremia
Who cites it
101 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 163 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical characteristics and risk factors for bilateral lateral geniculate body pathology: a systematic review of the literature.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2023Pooled it
- Severe Hyponatremia in the Emergency Department Incidence of Cerebral Edema and Risk of Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome.Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine · 2026Trial
- Safety and efficacy of proactive versus reactive administration of desmopressin in severe symptomatic hyponatremia: a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Hypertonic saline for fluid resuscitation in ICU patients post-cardiac surgery (HERACLES): a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial.Intensive care medicine · 2020Trial
- Neuromyelitis optica presenting with mammillary body and cervicomedullary lesions after severe hyponatremia mimicking osmotic demyelination syndrome.Radiology case reports · 2026Article
- [Diagnostic challenges of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome: A case report].Neuropsychiatrie : Klinik, Diagnostik, Therapie und Rehabilitation : Organ der Gesellschaft Osterreichischer Nervenarzte und Psychiater · 2026Article
- Fatal neurological complications in anorexia nervosa: a case report of osmotic demyelination syndrome in the binge-eating/purging subtype.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Article
- Contribution of Myelin Damage to White Matter Changes in Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Efficacy of Low-Dose Tolvaptan for Treatment of Profound Hyponatremia in Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis (SIAD): The EFFLUX-FLUID TRIAL.Kidney medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Neurological fallout of hyperglycemia: A case report of a rare presentation of osmotic demyelination syndrome.Qatar medical journal · 2026Article
- Renal tubular acidosis as the initial presentation of Sjögren syndrome complicated by iatrogenic central pontine myelinolysis: a case report.Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- Central pontine myelinolysis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, a case series and literature review.BMC neurology · 2025Review
- Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome in a Patient With Schizophrenia: A Case Report.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome Complicating Moderate Hyponatremia Correction in the Emergency Department: A Case Report.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Central pontine myelinolysis caused by hyperglycemia: A case report and mechanistic review.The Journal of international medical research · 2025Review
- Drug-Induced Hyponatremia: Insights into Pharmacological Mechanisms and Clinical Practice Management.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
41 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOsmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS), which embraces central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) and extrapontine myelinosis (EPM), is often underdiagnosed in clinical practice, but can be fatal. In this article, we review the etiology, patho- physiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of ODS.
methodsPertinent publications from the years 1959 to 2018 were retrieved by a selective search in PubMed.
resultsThe most common cause of ODS is hyponatremia; particular groups of patients, e.g., liver transplant recipients, are also at risk of developing ODS. The pathophysiology of ODS consists of cerebral apoptosis and loss of myelin due to osmotic stress. Accordingly, brain areas that are rich in oligodendrocytes and myelin tend to be the most frequently affected. Patients with ODS often have a biphasic course, the first phase reflecting the underlying predisposing illness and the second phase reflecting ODS itself, with pontine dysfunction, impaired vigilance, and movement disorders, among other neurological abnormalities. The diagnostic modality of choice is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, which can also be used to detect oligosymptomatic ODS. The current mainstay of management is prevention; treatment strategies for manifest ODS are still experimental. The prognosis has improved as a result of MRI-based diagnosis, but ODS can still be fatal (33% to 55% of patients either die or remain permanently dependent on nursing care).
conclusionODS is a secondary neurological illness resulting from a foregoing primary disease. Though rare overall, it occurs with greater frequency in certain groups of patients. Clinicians of all specialties should therefore be familiar with the risk constellations, clinical presentation, and prevention of ODS. The treatment of ODS is still experimental at present, as no evidence-based treatment is yet available.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.