ArticleJournal of neurodevelopmental disorders2019
Developmental divergence: motor trajectories in children with fragile X syndrome with and without co-occurring autism.
Article in Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Towards an early differential diagnosis in autism spectrum disorders and fragile X syndrome. A systematic review].Revista de neurologia · 2022Pooled it
- Article
- Up-regulation of Minibrain/DYRK1A contributes to macrocephaly and brain overgrowth in aProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Prelinguistic Communication Complexity of Children With Neurogenetic Syndromes.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2025Article
- Developmental associations between motor and communication outcomes in Fragile X syndrome: Variation in the context of co-occurring autism.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2024Article
- Activation of the 5-HT1A Receptor by Eltoprazine Restores Mitochondrial and Motor Deficits in aInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Social Communication Delay in an Unbiased Sample of Preschoolers With theJournal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2024Article
- Differential cognitive and behavioral development from 6 to 24 months in autism and fragile X syndrome.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2024Article
- Resources, Problems and Challenges of Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis and Support System in Poland.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2023Article
- The aberrant behavior profile in Indonesian individuals with fragile X syndrome with limited genetic services.Intractable & rare diseases research · 2022Article
- Motor Influences on Communication: Comparisons Between Down Syndrome and Fragile X Syndrome.American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities · 2021Article
- Trajectories of Heart Activity Across Infancy to Early Childhood Differentially Predict Autism and Anxiety Symptoms in Fragile X Syndrome.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- DNA Methylation at Birth Predicts Intellectual Functioning and Autism Features in Children with Fragile X Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Emergence and rate of autism in fragile X syndrome across the first years of life.Development and psychopathology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is highly prevalent in fragile X syndrome (FXS), affecting 50-70% of males. Motor impairments are a shared feature across autism and FXS that may help to better characterize autism in FXS. As motor skills provide a critical foundation for various language, cognitive, and social outcomes, they may serve an important mechanistic role for autism in FXS. As such, this study aimed to identify differences in motor trajectories across direct assessment and parent-report measures of fine and gross motor development between FXS with and without autism, and typical development, while controlling for cognitive functioning.
methodsThis prospective longitudinal study included 42 children with FXS, 24 of whom also had ASD (FXS + ASD), as well as 40 typically developing children. The Mullen Scales of Early Learning provided a direct measure of fine and gross motor skills, and the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales provided a measure of parent-reported fine and gross motor skills. Random slopes and random intercepts multilevel models were tested to determine divergence in developmental motor trajectories between groups when controlling for cognitive level.
resultsModel results indicated the children with FXS + ASD diverged from TD children by 9-months on all measures of gross and fine motor skills, even when controlling for cognitive level. Results also indicated an early divergence in motor trajectories of fine and gross motor skills between the FXS + ASD and FXS groups when controlling for cognitive level. This divergence was statistically significant by 18 months, with the FXS + ASD showing decelerated growth in motor skills across direct observation and parent-report measures.
conclusionsThis study is the first to examine longitudinal trends in motor development in children with FXS with and without comorbid ASD using both direct assessment and parent-report measures of fine and gross motor. Furthermore, it is among the first to account for nonverbal cognitive delays, a step towards elucidating the isolated role of motor impairments in FXS with and without ASD. Findings underscore the role of motor impairments as a possible signal representing greater underlying genetic liability, or as a potential catalyst or consequence, of co-occurring autism in FXS.
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