SynthesisThe Journal of infectious diseases2020
Multiplicity of Asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum Infections and Risk of Clinical Malaria: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis of Individual Participant Data.
Synthesis in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Plasmodium falciparum genetic diversity and multiplicity of infection based on msp-1, msp-2, glurp and microsatellite genetic markers in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Malaria journal · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Persistent and multiclonal malaria parasite dynamics despite extended artemether-lumefantrine treatment in children.Nature communications · 2024Trial
- Changing Species Dynamics and Species-Specific Associations Observed between Anopheles and Plasmodium Genera in Diebougou Health District, Southwest Burkina Faso.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2026Article
- Review
- From multiplicity of infection to force of infection in sparsely sampled high-transmissioneLife · 2026Article
- Mechanistic insights into subclinicaliScience · 2026Review
- Assessing the impact of temporal changes in transmission on Plasmodium falciparum strains in Asembo, western Kenya (1996-2017) using within-host metrics via 24-SNP barcodes.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- How do recurrent malaria infections occur in clinical cohorts: a mathematical modelling study to support study planning.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Article
- A Probabilistic Synthesis of Malaria Epidemiology: Exposure, Infection, Parasite Densities, and Detection.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Genetic diversity ofMalariaWorld journal · 2025Article
- Plasmodium falciparum genetic diversity and multiplicity of infection among asymptomatic and symptomatic malaria-infected individuals in Uganda.Tropical medicine and health · 2024Article
- A new long-read mitochondrial-genome protocol (PacBio HiFi) for haemosporidian parasites: a tool for population and biodiversity studies.Malaria journal · 2024Article
- PHARE: a bioinformatics pipeline for compositional profiling of multiclonal Plasmodium falciparum infections from long-read Nanopore sequencing data.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum carriage at the end of the dry season is associated with subsequent infection and clinical malaria in Eastern Gambia.Malaria journal · 2024Article
- PfEMP1 and var genes - Still of key importance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria pathogenesis and immunity.Advances in parasitology · 2024Review
- Sickle cell allele HBB-rs334(T) is associated with decreased risk of childhood Burkitt lymphoma in East Africa.American journal of hematology · 2024Article
- Can incorporating genotyping data into efficacy estimators improve efficiency of early phase malaria vaccine trials?Malaria journal · 2023Article
- Effectiveness of Intermittent Preventive Treatment with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine in Pregnancy: Low Coverage and High Prevalence ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 8 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum holds an extensive genetic polymorphism. In this pooled analysis, we investigate how the multiplicity in asymptomatic P. falciparum infections-that is, the number of coinfecting clones-affects the subsequent risk of clinical malaria in populations living under different levels of transmission.
methodsA systematic search of the literature was performed to identify studies in which P. falciparum infections were genotyped in asymptomatic individuals who were followed up prospectively regarding the incidence of clinical malaria. Individual participant data were pooled from 15 studies (n = 3736 individuals).
resultsMulticlonal asymptomatic infections were associated with a somewhat increased subsequent risk of clinical malaria in the youngest children, followed by an initial declining risk with age irrespective of transmission intensity. At approximately 5 years of age, the risk continued the gradual decline with age in high-transmission settings. However, in older children in moderate-, low-, and seasonal-transmission settings, multiclonal infections were either not significantly associated with the risk of subsequent febrile malaria or were associated with an increased risk.
conclusionsThe number of clones in asymptomatic P. falciparum infections is associated with different risks of subsequent clinical malaria depending on age and transmission intensity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.