ReviewPain reports
The impact of contextual factors on nursing outcomes and the role of placebo/nocebo effects: a discussion paper.
Review in Pain reports. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Patients' Experience to MRI Examinations-A Systematic Qualitative Review With Meta-Synthesis.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of yoga for the management of chronic low back pain: an overview of systematic reviews.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Impact of contextual factors on patient outcomes following conservative low back pain treatment: systematic review.Chiropractic & manual therapies · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of acupuncture on the outcome of tinnitus: An overview of systematic reviews.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Mirror Neurons and Pain: A Scoping Review of Experimental, Social, and Clinical Evidence.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Impact of Catastrophization and Emotions on Pain: A Narrative Review of Underlying Mechanisms.Journal of pain research · 2026Review
- Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation for Opioid Tolerance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Proteomics Analysis: A Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol.Journal of pain research · 2026Article
- Stage-Specific Mechanisms of Manual Acupuncture and Electroacupuncture in Inflammatory Pain: A Time-Dependent Review.Journal of pain research · 2026Review
- Causal effect of education on low back pain, intervertebral disc degeneration and sciatica: Mendelian randomization study.Future science OA · 2025Article
- The Interplay Between Environment and Drug Effects: Decoding the Ecocebo Phenomenon with Virtual Technologies.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Case report: Spontaneous regression of extruded lumbar disc herniation with acupuncture therapy.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- The Biology of Placebo and Nocebo Effects on Experimental and Chronic Pain: State of the Art.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Virtual reality to improve low-back pain and pelvic pain during pregnancy: a pilot RCT for a multicenter randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- The osteopath-parent-child triad in osteopathic care in the first 2 years of life: a qualitative study.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Unraveling Negative Expectations and Nocebo-Related Effects in Musculoskeletal Pain.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Do individual psychological characteristics predict induction and generalization of nocebo and placebo effects on pain and itch?Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Osteopathic Care as (En)active Inference: A Theoretical Framework for Developing an Integrative Hypothesis in Osteopathy.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Understanding Contextual Factors Effects and Their Implications for Italian Physiotherapists: Findings from a National Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Integrating Placebo Effects in General Practice: A Cross-Sectional Survey to Investigate Perspectives From Health Care Professionals in the Netherlands.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Placebo Studies and Patient Care: Where Are the Nurses?Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionPlacebo and nocebo effects represent one of the most fascinating topics in the health care field.
objectivesthe aims of this discussion paper were (1) to briefly introduce the placebo and nocebo effects, (2) to elucidate the contextual factors able to trigger placebo and nocebo effects in the nursing field, and (3) to debate the impact of contextual factors on nursing education, practice, organisation, and research.
methodsa narrative review was conducted based on the available evidence.
resultsPlacebo responses (from Latin "I shall please") are a beneficial outcome(s) triggered by a positive context. The opposite are the nocebo effects (from Latin "I shall harm"), which indicates an undesirable outcome(s) caused by a negative context. Both are complex and distinct psychoneurobiological phenomena in which behavioural and neurophysiological changes arise subsequent to an interaction between the patient and the health care context.
conclusionPlacebo and nocebo concepts have been recently introduced in the nursing discipline, generating a wide debate on ethical issues; however, the impact on nursing education, clinical practice, nursing administration, and research regarding contextual factors triggering nocebo and placebo effects has not been debated to date.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.