ArticleAnnals of occupational and environmental medicine2019
The association between dependent self-employment and self-reported depression/anxiety and sleep disorder in South Korea.
Article in Annals of occupational and environmental medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differential relationships between physical activity and mental health among adults with disabilities in Korea.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Factors Affecting Subjective Well-Being in Workers at Small-Sized Enterprises: A Cross-Sectional Study from the 6th Korean Working Conditions Survey.Yonsei medical journal · 2025Article
- Assessing student satisfaction with university policies related to in-person classes in the era of COVID-19: a case study from Korea.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Inequality in Mortality and Cardiovascular Risk Among Young, Low-Income, Self-Employed Workers: Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Association between precarious employment and the onset of depressive symptoms in men and women: a 13-year longitudinal analysis in Korea (2009-2022).Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2024Article
- High Emotional Demands at Work and Poor Mental Health in Client-Facing Workers.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- How Does the Involuntary Choice of Self-Employment Affect Subjective Well-Being in Small-Sized Business Workers? A Cross-Sectional Study from the Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Mental health symptoms among dependent contractors in Korea: a cross-sectional study based on the Fifth Korean Working Condition Survey.Annals of occupational and environmental medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDependent self-employment is precarious employment, which can be vulnerable to mental health problems. This study aimed to investigate the association of dependent self-employment with depression, anxiety, and sleep disorder in South Korea.
methodsThis study used data from the Fourth Korean Working Conditions Survey and included 32,691 paid workers. Dependent self-employment and self-reported depression/anxiety, and sleep disorder were investigated using a questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between dependent self-employment and mental health problems.
resultsOf the 32,691 paid workers, 2,371 (7.3%) were dependent self-employed workers. The odds ratio (OR) of dependent self-employment for self-reported depression/anxiety was 1.78 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29-2.45) and the OR of dependent self-employment for self-reported sleep disorder was 1.26 (95% CI: 1.01-1.59) compared to other paid workers.
conclusionsDependent self-employment is related to an increased risk of self-reported depression/anxiety and sleep disorder in South Korea.
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