ArticleWorld development2019
Development of the project-level Women's Empowerment in Agriculture Index (pro-WEAI).
Article in World development, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 58 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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58 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Measures of women's empowerment based on individual-level data: a literature review with a focus on the methodological approaches.Frontiers in sociology · 2023Pooled it
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- The economic costs of a multisectoral nutrition programme implemented through a credit platform in Bangladesh.Maternal & child nutrition · 2023Trial
- Can nutrition education mitigate the impacts of COVID-19 on dietary quality? Cluster-randomised controlled trial evidence in Myanmar's Central Dry Zone.Maternal & child nutrition · 2021Trial
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- The association between women's empowerment in agriculture and child stunting in Malawi.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Personal Agency Support Questionnaire in Acute Psychiatric Inpatients: Development and Instrument Validation Study.Asian/Pacific Island nursing journal · 2026Article
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- Women's empowerment as a driver to household food security in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa: a structural equation model approach.Frontiers in sociology · 2026Article
- Moderating effect of health-related behavior on the relationship between socioeconomic characteristics and willingness to pay for safe and nutritious food among smallholder farmers in Southwest, Nigeria.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Adapting the Women's empowerment in nutrition index: Lessons from Kenya.World development · 2025Article
- Women empowerment, efficiency and food security nexus in rural Ethiopia: A generalized structural equation modeling.Heliyon · 2025Article
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- The relationship between accessibility of retail seeds and diet diversity: a multi-level structural equation model applied to ethnic minority farmers in northern Vietnam.Food security · 2025Article
- Do Estimates of Women's Control over Income and Decisionmaking Vary Across Nationally Representative Survey Programs?Social indicators research · 2025Article
- Increasing Production Diversity and Diet Quality: Evidence from Bangladesh.American journal of agricultural economics · 2024Article
- Enhancing agency and empowerment in agricultural development projects: A synthesis of mixed methods impact evaluations from the Gender, Agriculture, and Assets Project, Phase 2 (GAAP2).Journal of rural studies · 2024Article
- The role of self-efficacy in women's autonomy for health and nutrition decision-making in rural Bangladesh.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Women's empowerment, household dietary diversity, and child anthropometry among vulnerable populations in Odisha, India.PloS one · 2024Article
- Gender relations and women's empowerment in small-scale irrigated forage production in Ethiopia.PloS one · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
With growing commitment to women's empowerment by agricultural development agencies, sound methods and indicators to measure women's empowerment are needed to learn which types of projects or project-implementation strategies do and do not work to empower women. The Women's Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI), which has been widely used, requires adaptation to meet the need for monitoring projects and assessing their impacts. In this paper, the authors describe the adaptation and validation of a project-level WEAI (or pro-WEAI) that agricultural development projects can use to identify key areas of women's (and men's) disempowerment, design appropriate strategies to address identified deficiencies, and monitor project outcomes related to women's empowerment. The 12 pro-WEAI indicators are mapped to three domains: intrinsic agency (power within), instrumental agency (power to), and collective agency (power with). A gender parity index compares the empowerment scores of men and women in the same household. The authors describe the development of pro-WEAI, including: (1) pro-WEAI's distinctiveness from other versions of the WEAI; (2) the process of piloting pro-WEAI in 13 agricultural development projects during the Gender, Agriculture, and Assets Project, phase 2 (GAAP2); (3) analysis of quantitative data from the GAAP2 projects, including intrahousehold patterns of empowerment/disempowerment; and (4) a summary of the findings from the qualitative work exploring concepts of women's empowerment in the project sites. The paper concludes with a discussion of lessons learned from pro-WEAI and possibilities for further development of empowerment metrics.
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