ArticleScience advances2019
No evidence of ongoing HIV replication or compartmentalization in tissues during combination antiretroviral therapy: Implications for HIV eradication.
Article in Science advances, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Doubling dolutegravir dosage reduces the viral reservoir in ART-treated people with HIV.eLife · 2026Trial
- CD8ɑ+ cells suppress SIV replication without the development of mutations within MHC class-I-restricted epitopes during post-treatment control.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Similar Changes in Proviral Landscapes Over 10 Years in 40 Individuals With Diverging HIV Reservoir Dynamics and Viral Load Kinetics.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- HIV Promoters Isolated from Brain and Peripheral Tissue of Virally Suppressed PWH Are Phylogenetically and Functionally Similar.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Dynamics of natural and pharmacologic control of an SIV variant with an envelope trafficking defect.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- HIV persistence in tissues on dolutegravir-based therapy is not associated with resistance mutations to dolutegravir.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Multifaceted B cell response to transient HIV viremia in elite controllers.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- CD8ɑ+ cells suppress SIV replication without evidence of viral immune escape during post treatment control.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Doubling dolutegravir dosage reduces the viral reservoir in ART-treated people with HIV.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Mild HIV-specific selective forces overlaying natural CD4+ T cell dynamics explain the clonality and decay dynamics of HIV reservoir cells.Cell systems · 2025Article
- Clonal heterogeneity and antigenic stimulation shape persistence of the latent reservoir of HIV.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Applications and limitations of the passenger hypothesis for HIV reservoir persistence and cure.Journal of virology · 2025Review
- Widespread tissue distribution of transcriptionally active, clonally expanded HIV-1 proviruses despite suppressive antiretroviral therapy.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Anti-HIV-1 HSPC-based gene therapy with safety kill switch to defend against and attack HIV-1 infection.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2025Article
- SIV proviruses seeded later in infection are harbored in short-lived CD4Cell reports · 2025Article
- Blood and tissue HIV-1 reservoirs display plasticity and lack of compartmentalization in virally suppressed people.Nature communications · 2025Article
- HIV and the gut: implications for HIV persistence, immune dysfunction and cure strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- A simple phylogenetic approach to analyze hypermutated HIV proviruses reveals insights into their dynamics and persistence during antiretroviral therapy.Virus evolution · 2025Article
- Suppression of viral rebound by a Rev-dependent lentiviral particle in SIV-infected rhesus macaques.Gene therapy · 2025Article
- No evidence for ongoing replication on ART in SIV-infected macaques.Nature communications · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
24 authors at 8 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
HIV persistence during combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is the principal obstacle to cure. Mechanisms responsible for persistence remain uncertain; infections may be maintained by persistence and clonal expansion of infected cells or by ongoing replication in anatomic locations with poor antiretroviral penetration. These mechanisms require different strategies for eradication, and determining their contributions to HIV persistence is essential. We used phylogenetic approaches to investigate, at the DNA level, HIV populations in blood, lymphoid, and other infected tissues obtained at colonoscopy or autopsy in individuals who were on cART for 8 to 16 years. We found no evidence of ongoing replication or compartmentalization of HIV; we did detect clonal expansion of infected cells that were present before cART. Long-term persistence, and not ongoing replication, is primarily responsible for maintaining HIV. HIV-infected cells present when cART is initiated represent the only identifiable source of persistence and is the appropriate focus for eradication.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.