ArticlePloS one2019
Highly diverse anaerobe-predominant vaginal microbiota among HIV-infected pregnant women in Zambia.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human microbiota research in Africa: a systematic review reveals gaps and priorities for future research.Microbiome · 2021Pooled it
- The Association Between Vaginal Microbiota Dysbiosis, Bacterial Vaginosis, and Aerobic Vaginitis, and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes of Women Living in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in public health · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- Influence of Hormonal Contraceptive Use and HIV on Cervicovaginal Cytokines and Microbiota in Malawi.mSphere · 2023Trial
- Special Issue: New Horizons in HIV and Reproductive Health Research: HIV Acquisition and Reproductive Health in Key Populations.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Article
- The Role of the Vaginal Microbiome in Gynecological Diseases: Mechanistic Insights and Emerging Interventions.Biology · 2026Review
- Inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface: a perspective on interacting risk factors for preterm birth in sub-Saharan African women living with HIV.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Cervicovaginal microbiome alters transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility signatures across cervicovaginal epithelial barriers.Microbiome · 2025Article
- Effect of initiation of antiretroviral drugs for HIV prevention or treatment on the vaginal microbiome of pregnant women in Malawi.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Article
- Use of an Ethinyl Estradiol/Etonogestrel Vaginal Ring Alters Vaginal Microbial Communities in Women With HIV.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Vaginal Microbiome and the Risk of Preterm Birth in Women Living With HIV: A Scoping Review.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2024Article
- Vaginal microbes alter epithelial transcriptome and induce epigenomic modifications providing insight into mechanisms for susceptibility to adverse reproductive outcomes.Research square · 2024Article
- Changes in the Vaginal Microbiome During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period in South African Women: a Longitudinal Study.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2024Article
- Integrating compositional and functional content to describe vaginal microbiomes in health and disease.Microbiome · 2023Article
- Changes in the vaginal microbiome during pregnancy and the postpartum period in South African women: a longitudinal study.Research square · 2023Article
- HIV-associated vaginal microbiome and inflammation predict spontaneous preterm birth in Zambia.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Lactobacillus crispatus thrives in pregnancy hormonal milieu in a Nigerian patient cohort.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Composition of the vaginal microbiota during pregnancy in women living in sub-Saharan Africa: a PRISMA-compliant review.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2021Review
- Cervicovaginal bacterial communities in reproductive-aged Tanzanian women with Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma haematobium, or without schistosome infection.The ISME journal · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Vaginal dysbiosis has been shown to increase the risk of some adverse birth outcomes. HIV infection may be associated with shifts in the vaginal microbiome. We characterized microbial communities in vaginal swabs collected between 16-20 gestational weeks in the Zambian Preterm Birth Prevention Study to investigate whether HIV and its treatment alter the microbiome in pregnancy. We quantified relative abundance and diversity of bacterial taxa by whole-genome shotgun sequencing and identified community state types (CST) by hierarchical clustering. Associations between exposures-HIV serostatus (HIV+ vs HIV-) and preconceptional ART (ART+ vs ART-)-and microbiome characteristics were tested with rank-sum, and by linear and logistic regression, accounting for sampling by inverse-probability weighting. Of 261 vaginal swabs, 256 (98%) had evaluable sequences; 98 (38%) were from HIV+ participants, 55 (56%) of whom had preconceptional ART exposure. Major CSTs were dominated by: L. crispatus (CST 1; 17%), L.] iners (CST 3; 32%), Gardnerella vaginalis (CST 4-I; 37%), G. vaginalis & Atopobium vaginae (CST 4-II; 5%), and other mixed anaerobes (CST 4-III; 9%). G. vaginalis was present in 95%; mean relative abundance was higher in HIV+ (0.46±0.29) compared to HIV- participants (0.35±0.33; rank-sum p = .01). Shannon diversity was higher in HIV+/ART+ (coeff 0.17; 95%CI (0.01,0.33), p = .04) and HIV+/ART- (coeff 0.37; 95%CI (0.19,0.55), p < .001) participants compared to HIV-. Anaerobe-dominant CSTs were more prevalent in HIV+/ART+ (63%, AOR 3.11; 95%CI: 1.48,6.55, p = .003) and HIV+/ART- (85%, AOR 7.59; 95%CI (2.80,20.6), p < .001) compared to HIV- (45%). Restricting the comparison to 111 women in either CST 3 (L. iners dominance) or CST 1 (L. crispatus dominance), CST 3 frequency was similar in HIV- (63%) and HIV+/ART- participants (67%, AOR 1.31; 95%CI: (0.25,6.90), p = .7), but higher in HIV+/ART+ (89%, AOR 6.44; 95%CI: (1.12,37.0), p = .04). Pregnant women in Zambia, particularly those with HIV, had diverse anaerobe-dominant vaginal microbiota.
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Registered trials
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