ArticleCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2020
Evaluation of Tobacco Smoke and Diet as Sources of Exposure to Two Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines for the U.S. Population: NHANES 2013-2014.
Article in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Smokeless tobacco use and public health nutrition: a global systematic review.Public health nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Aromatic amine exposure and bladder cancer: a review of recent advances in epidemiology, pathogenesis, and prevention.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Investigation of the correlation between urinary aromatic amines and the risk of depression through an examination of the NHANES data from 2013 to 2014.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Heterocyclic Amines Disrupt Lipid Homeostasis in Cryopreserved Human Hepatocytes.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2024Article
- Geometric Mean Serum Cotinine Concentrations Confirm a Continued Decline in Secondhand Smoke Exposure among U.S. Nonsmokers-NHANES 2003 to 2018.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHeterocyclic aromatic amines (HAA) are a group of hazardous substances produced during combustion of tobacco or high-temperature cooking of meats. 2-Amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (AαC) is a major carcinogenic HAA in tobacco smoke.
methodsUrinary AαC, used as a marker of AαC exposure, was analyzed on spot urine samples from adult participants of the 2013-2014 cycle of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (
resultsAmong exclusive smokers, sample-weighted median urinary AαC was 40 times higher than nonusers. Sample-weighted regression models showed that urinary AαC increased significantly with serum cotinine among both exclusive tobacco users and nonusers with secondhand smoke exposure. Among nonusers, eating beef cooked at high temperature was associated with a significant increase in urinary AαC, whereas consuming vegetables was associated with decreased AαC. In addition, smoking one-half pack of cigarettes per day was associated with a significant increase of 23.6 pg AαC/mL calculated at geometric mean of AαC, controlling for potential confounders. In comparison, increase in AαC attributable to consuming the 99th percentile of beef cooked at high temperature was 0.99 pg AαC/mL.
conclusionsBoth exclusive smokers and nonusers of tobacco in the general U.S. population are exposed to AαC from tobacco smoke, with additional, lesser contributions from certain dietary components. IMPACT: AαC is an important biomarker that is associated with tobacco smoke exposure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.