ArticleBiochemical and biophysical research communications2019
Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG prevents progesterone metabolite epiallaopregnanolone sulfate-induced hepatic bile acid accumulation and liver injury.
Article in Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of gut microbiome on intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy-systematic literature review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Gut microbiota metabolic reprogramming drives the development of metabolic diseases in the host.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Extract from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Leaves alleviates APAP-induced acute liver injury via reshaping gut microbiota and attenuating microbial bile acids metabolism disorder.Chinese medicine · 2026Article
- Targeting the gut-liver axis in cholangiocarcinoma: mechanisms, therapeutic advances, and future directions.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Farnesoid X receptor: From Structure to Function and Its Pharmacology in Liver Fibrosis.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Review
- Article
- Maternal and Fetal Bile Acid Homeostasis Regulated by Sulfated Progesterone Metabolites through FXR Signaling Pathway in a Pregnant Sow Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Hierarchy-Assembled Dual Probiotics System Ameliorates Cholestatic Drug-Induced Liver Injury via Gut-Liver Axis Modulation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2022Article
- The Hepatoprotective and Hepatotoxic Roles of Sex and Sex-Related Hormones.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Short-Term Tolerability, Safety, and Gut Microbial Composition Responses to a Multi-Strain Probiotic Supplement: An Open-Label Study in Healthy Adults.Integrative medicine (Encinitas, Calif.) · 2021Article
- Molecular Pathogenesis of Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy.Canadian journal of gastroenterology & hepatology · 2021Review
- Alterations of the Human Gut Microbiota in Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is gestation-specific liver disease associated with liver injury and increased serum and hepatic bile acids. Although the mechanism of ICP is still not fully understood, the reproductive hormones seem to play an important role. Recent studies show that a progesterone metabolite, epiallopregnanolone sulfate (PM5S), is supraphysiologically elevated in the serum of ICP patients, indicating it may play an etiology role in ICP. Bile acid homeostasis is controlled by multiple mechanisms including farnesoid X receptor (FXR)-mediated bile acid export and synthesis. It is known that cholic acid (CA), a primary bile acid, can activate FXR, which is inhibited by PM5S, an FXR antagonist. Here we employed a mouse model of concurrent exposure of CA and PM5S-induced liver injury and determined the effects of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) in the prevention of the bile acid disorders and liver injury. Mice challenged with CA + PM5S had significantly increased levels of serum and hepatic bile acids and bilirubin and liver enzyme. Pretreatment with LGG significantly reduced bile acid and bilirubin levels associated with reduced liver enzyme level and mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. We also showed that the beneficial effects of LGG is likely mediated by hepatic FXR activation and bile salt export pump (BSEP) upregulation. In conclusion, our results provide a rationale for the application of probiotics in the management of ICP through gut microbiota-mediated FXR activation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.