ArticlePsychiatric services (Washington, D.C.)2020
Emergency Department Use and Inpatient Admissions and Costs Among Adolescents With Deliberate Self-Harm: A Five-Year Follow-Up Study.
Article in Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Quantifying the Representation of Black Adolescents in Suicide Intervention Research.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2024Pooled it
- Mothers' Perceptions of System-Related Burden Following Their Youth's Psychiatric Hospitalization: A Longitudinal Qualitative Study.Administration and policy in mental health · 2026Article
- Article
- Risk of unnatural death following self-harm in South Africa: development and validation of multivariable prognostic models.BMJ mental health · 2026Article
- Self-Harm Content on Social Media and Proximal Risk for Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Among Adolescents.JAACAP open · 2025Article
- Cost-effectiveness of psychological and psychosocial interventions for adults, children and young people who have self-harmed.BMJ mental health · 2024Article
- An evaluation of emotion recognition, emotion reactivity, and emotion dysregulation as prospective predictors of 12-month trajectories of non-suicidal self-injury in an adolescent psychiatric inpatient sample.Journal of affective disorders · 2024Article
- Incidence and Correlates of Emergency Department Visits for Deliberate Self-Harm Among Asian American Youth.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2023Article
- Age- and sex-dependent increase in self-harm among adolescents with mental health problems in East China during COVID-19 related society-wide isolation.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Biosignature of self-injury behaviors in adolescence: Role of β-endorphin in an acute inpatient unit.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Self-injury from early adolescence to early adulthood: age-related course, recurrence, and services use in males and females from the community.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveSelf-harm rates among U.S. adolescents have risen substantially. Health and social outcomes among contemporary self-harming youths are infrequently tracked and poorly understood. This study investigated long-term health service utilization (emergency department [ED] visits and inpatient admissions) and inpatient costs among a recent cohort of adolescents with deliberate self-harm.
methodsThis retrospective cohort study used statewide, all-payer, longitudinally linked discharge data from California. All residents ages 10-19 presenting to EDs in 2010 with deliberate self-harm (N=5,396) were compared with two control groups: a random sample of adolescent ED patients with other complaints, matched on sex, age, residential zip code, and month of index visit (general control patients, N=14,921), and matched ED patients with psychiatric complaints but no self-harm (psychiatric control patients, N=15,835). Outcomes included 5-year rates of ED visits, inpatient admissions, and inpatient costs, overall and for psychiatric and nonpsychiatric complaints separately.
resultsSelf-harm patients' ED use, inpatient admissions, and inpatient costs were significantly higher than those of general control patients (by 39%, 81%, and 21%, respectively), when the analysis controlled for confounding demographic and utilization characteristics. Associations mostly persisted, although smaller in magnitude, in comparisons between self-harm and psychiatric control patients. Psychiatric and nonpsychiatric complaints contributed to self-harming adolescents' excess health service utilization and costs.
conclusionsDeliberate self-harm among adolescents was found to be associated with long-lasting and costly patterns of health service utilization, often but not exclusively for psychiatric complaints. Future research should investigate the pathways underlying these associations and incorporate service utilization as a key patient outcome.
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