ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2020
Characterizing the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Care Continuum Among Transgender Women and Cisgender Women and Men in Clinical Care: A Retrospective Time-series Analysis.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV care outcomes among transgender persons with HIV infection in the United States, 2006-2021.AIDS (London, England) · 2022Pooled it
- Peer Navigation to Support Transgender Women's Engagement in HIV Care: Findings from the Trans Amigas Pilot Trial in São Paulo, Brazil.AIDS and behavior · 2022Trial
- Characteristics of REPRIEVE Trial Participants Identifying Across the Transgender Spectrum.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020 · on this mapTrial
- The HIV care continuum and determinants of antiretroviral therapy initiation among transgender women in France (1997-2023): a longitudinal cohort study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Article
- Beyond Prevention: How Gender-Affirming Care Can Transform HIV Outcomes for Transgender and Gender-Diverse Populations.American journal of public health · 2025Article
- Observational
- Intersectional discrimination, mental health, and health care access among transgender women in Brazil.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2025Article
- Review protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis on HIV inequities in transgender and non-binary populations.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Socio-cognitive facilitators of ART-adherence among predominantly black sexual and gender minoritized persons living with HIV in Atlanta, Georgia: a latent profile analysis.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2024Article
- Stigma and HIV Treatment Outcomes Among Transgender Women Sex Workers in the Dominican Republic.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Determinants of Depressive Symptoms in People Living with HIV: Findings from a Population-Based Study with a Gender Perspective.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Sex and Race Disparities in Mortality and Years of Potential Life Lost Among People With HIV: A 21-Year Observational Cohort Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Using an Intersectional Framework to Understand the Challenges of Adopting Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Among Young Adult Black Women.Sexuality research & social policy : journal of NSRC : SR & SP · 2022Article
- Assessment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Care Continuum in Korea using the National Health Insurance System Data.Infection & chemotherapy · 2021Article
- "I've Learned to Value Myself More": Piloting an Adapted Multilevel Intervention for Transgender Women Sex Workers Living with HIV in the Dominican Republic.Transgender health · 2021Article
- Ending the HIV epidemic in US Latinx sexual and gender minorities.Lancet (London, England) · 2021Article
- An Intervention by and for Transgender Women Living With HIV: Study Protocol for a Two-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial Testing the Efficacy of "Frontiers in reproductive health · 2021Article
- Gender Affirmation through Correct Pronoun Usage: Development and Validation of the Transgender Women's Importance of Pronouns (TW-IP) Scale.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Article
- HIV Testing and Linkage to Care Among Transgender Women Who Have Sex with Men: 23 U.S. Cities.AIDS and behavior · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 12 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrior studies suggest that transgender women (TW) with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are less likely to be virally suppressed than cisgender women (CW) and cisgender men (CM). However, prior data are limited by small sample sizes and cross-sectional designs. We sought to characterize the HIV care continuum comparing TW to CW and CM in the United States and Canada.
methodsWe analyzed annual HIV care continuum outcomes by gender status from January 2001 through December 2015 among adults (aged ≥18 years) in 15 clinical cohorts. Outcomes were retention in care and viral suppression.
resultsThe study population included TW (n = 396), CW (n = 14 094), and CM (n = 101 667). TW had lower proportions retained in care than CW and CM (P < .01). Estimates of retention in care were consistently lower in TW, with little change over time within each group. TW and CW had similar proportions virally suppressed over time (TW, 36% in 2001 and 80% in 2015; CW, 35% in 2001 and 83% in 2015) and were lower than CM (41% in 2001 and 87% in 2015). These differences did not reach statistical significance after adjusting for age, race, HIV risk group, and cohort.
conclusionsTW experience challenges with retention in HIV care. However, TW who are engaged in care achieve viral suppression that is comparable to that of CW and CM of similar age, race, and HIV risk group. Further research is needed to understand care engagement disparities.
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Registered trials
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