ReviewTaiwan journal of ophthalmology
Role of tear film biomarkers in the diagnosis and management of dry eye disease.
Review in Taiwan journal of ophthalmology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05429229 (Effect of Combined Antioxidant Therapy in Eye Drops on Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Tear Film in Patients With Diabetic Retinopathy and Dry Eye Syndrome), which is not on this map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Combined Antioxidant Therapy in Eye Drops on Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Tear Film in Patients With Diabetic Retinopathy and Dry Eye Syndrome
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dry eye post-cataract surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- Comprehensive profiling of the human tear fluid miRNome using small RNA sequencing.The ocular surface · 2026Article
- Tear fluid database: a reference website for tear fluid proteomics.Database : the journal of biological databases and curation · 2026Article
- Clinical significance of corneal confocal microscopy characteristics and inflammatory cytokines in Sjögren's syndrome-related dry eye disease.American journal of translational research · 2026Article
- Dry Eye Disease and Psychiatric Disorders: Neuroimmune Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- From Tears to Toxins: Mapping Antibiotic Passage Through the Eye-Liver Axis.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Long-Term Clinical and Molecular Changes in Dry Eye Disease and Chronic Ocular Pain.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Translating Biomarker Discovery: From Bench to Bedside in Dry Eye Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- Association between tear lactoferrin, lysozyme, albumin levels, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Impact of Mining on the Ocular Surface Health Among Residents of Mining Communities.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Review
- Safety and Tolerability of KIO-101 Eye Drops in Healthy Volunteers and Patients with Ocular Surface Disease-A Phase I Study.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Multidimensional immunotherapy for dry eye disease: current status and future directions.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2024Review
- Comparative Analysis of the Osmoprotective Effects of Daily Disposable Contact Lens Packaging Solutions on Human Corneal Epithelial Cells.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Article
- Ocular-Surface Regeneration Therapies for Eye Disorders: The State of the Art.Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2023Review
- Patient stratification using point of care biomarkers in dry eye disease.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Prolonged Inflammation and Infectious Changes in the Corneal Epithelium Are Associated with Persistent Epithelial Defect (PED).Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Role of lymphotoxin alpha as a new molecular biomarker in revolutionizing tear diagnostic testing for dry eye disease.International journal of ophthalmology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In recent years, there has been increasing scientific interest in the use of tear film biomarkers in the diagnosis and management of dry eye disease (DED), owing to their potential important roles in the pathogenesis of ocular surface damage, as well as the technical feasibility of tear sample collection techniques. An Entrez PubMed search was conducted on March 2, 2019, to include papers investigating the use of tear film biomarkers in DED, and the results were classified according to whether the DED is associated with systemic inflammatory disease or not and further classified within each section according to the molecular nature of the biomarker for further discussion. A total of 58 relevant articles were reviewed. Certain cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-17, and IL-8, were found by a number of studies to consistently reflect disease severity well and had strong correlations with tear film metrics and tests for ocular surface damage in dry eye without systemic inflammatory disease. For dry eye with systemic inflammatory disease, IL-17, IL-8, and IL-1 receptor antagonists were shown to be consistently higher in affected eyes and correlated well with ocular surface disease severity in more than one type of inflammatory disease. With the advancement in technology and lowered costs in the future, tear film biomarker counts would allow better diagnosis and monitoring of DED, as well as facilitate personalized treatment strategies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.