ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2019
Rescue of Noradrenergic System as a Novel Pharmacological Strategy in the Treatment of Chronic Pain: Focus on Microglia Activation.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Real-time evaluation of the independent analgesic efficacy of dexmedetomidine.BMC anesthesiology · 2023Trial
- Gabapentinoids-duloxetine combination therapy for chronic pain: A mechanism oriented rational to bridge theoretical knowledge and real life setting.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Review
- HMC3 revealed: how much do these "Microglia" really tell us?Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Noradrenergic Locus Coeruleus-CA3 Activation Alleviates Neuropathic Pain and Anxiety- and Depression-Like Behaviors by Suppressing Microglial Neuroinflammation in SNI Mice.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- The simultaneous activation of μ- and δ-opioid receptors by (-)-2Current research in pharmacology and drug discovery · 2025Article
- Anti-inflammatory activities of novel heat shock protein 90 isoform selective inhibitors in BV-2 microglial cells.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2024Article
- Novel Drug Targets and Emerging Pharmacotherapies in Neuropathic Pain.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Distribution of αBiomolecules · 2023Article
- Activation of β2-Adrenergic Receptors in Microglia Alleviates Neuropathic Hypersensitivity in Mice.Cells · 2023Article
- Tramadol and Tapentadol Induce Conditioned Place Preference with a Differential Impact on Rewarding Memory and Incubation of Craving.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Effects of 1-methyl-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinoline on a diabetic neuropathic pain model.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Protection against glutathione depletion-associated oxidative neuronal death by neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine: Protein disulfide isomerase as a mechanistic target for neuroprotection.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2022Article
- Lysophosphatidylcholine: Potential Target for the Treatment of Chronic Pain.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Bioequivalence, Drugs with Narrow Therapeutic Index and The Phenomenon of Biocreep: A Critical Analysis of the System for Generic Substitution.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Activation of locus coeruleus-spinal cord noradrenergic neurons alleviates neuropathic pain in mice via reducing neuroinflammation from astrocytes and microglia in spinal dorsal horn.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- Repeated Administration of Clinically Relevant Doses of the Prescription Opioids Tramadol and Tapentadol Causes Lung, Cardiac, and Brain Toxicity in Wistar Rats.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Review
- The Multimodal MOPr/DOPr Agonist LP2 Reduces Allodynia in Chronic Constriction Injured Rats by Rescue of TGF-β1 Signalling.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Repeated Administration of Clinical Doses of Tramadol and Tapentadol Causes Hepato- and Nephrotoxic Effects in Wistar Rats.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- SIRT1 Mediates Melatonin's Effects on Microglial Activation in Hypoxia: In Vitro and In Vivo Evidence.Biomolecules · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Different types of pain can evolve toward a chronic condition characterized by hyperalgesia and allodynia, with an abnormal response to normal or even innocuous stimuli, respectively. A key role in endogenous analgesia is recognized to descending noradrenergic pathways that originate from the locus coeruleus and project to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Impairment of this system is associated with pain chronicization. More recently, activation of glial cells, in particular microglia, toward a pro-inflammatory state has also been implicated in the transition from acute to chronic pain. Both α2- and β2-adrenergic receptors are expressed in microglia, and their activation leads to acquisition of an anti-inflammatory phenotype. This review analyses in more detail the interconnection between descending noradrenergic system and neuroinflammation, focusing on drugs that, by rescuing the noradrenergic control, exert also an anti-inflammatory effect, ultimately leading to analgesia. More specifically, the potential efficacy in the treatment of neuropathic pain of different drugs will be analyzed. On one side, drugs acting as inhibitors of the reuptake of serotonin and noradrenaline, such as duloxetine and venlafaxine, and on the other, tapentadol, inhibitor of the reuptake of noradrenaline, and agonist of the µ-opioid receptor.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.