ReviewNature reviews. Immunology2020
Tumour-intrinsic resistance to immune checkpoint blockade.
Review in Nature reviews. Immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 887 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
887 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,427 citations in OpenAlex.
- From mechanism to clinical: research evolution and hotspot analysis of CD276/B7-H3 in cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- The clinical trial landscape of osteosarcoma: integrating trial data, immunotherapeutic trends, and biomarker insights.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness and Safety of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review of Real-World Studies.Current oncology reports · 2025Pooled it
- Ad-SGE-DKK3 Gene Therapy Overcomes Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Pleural Mesothelioma.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025Trial
- TEIPP-vaccination in checkpoint-resistant non-small cell lung cancer: a first-in-human phase I/II dose-escalation study.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Article
- Effect of extracellular vesicles on malignant tumours: Mechanisms and clinical findings (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- FGFR pathway inhibition enhances PD-1 blockade and modulates antitumor immunity in colorectal cancer models.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- A20 Inhibits IFN-γ Signaling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Binding to STAT1, Compromising Anti-Tumor Immunity.Cancer science · 2026Article
- CD112 Lactylation Drives Dual Immune Evasion From CD8+ T Cells and NK Cells.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Tumor cell-intrinsic stress states drive sensitivity to CAR T cell therapy in pancreatic cancer.Science advances · 2026Article
- LPL-Positive Endothelial Cells Control T-cell Homing in Liver Metastasis.Cancer discovery · 2026Article
- GSH-responsive nanovaccine triggers immunogenic cell death and potent memory T cell immunity for durable, recurrence-free tumor eradication.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Bridging BET bromodomain and immune checkpoint inhibitors through generative bioorganic frameworks for next-generation cancer immunotherapy.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- PHAROS: turning single-cell perturbation models into target-directed drug-combination screens.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- LIM and SH3 protein 1 deficiency confers resistance to cytotoxic lymphocyte-mediated lysis and immunotherapy in gastric cancer by disrupting cytoskeleton dynamics.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Clinical outcomes of near-infrared photoimmunotherapy according to immune checkpoint inhibitor timing and treatment sequence: a multicenter retrospective study.International journal of clinical oncology · 2026Article
- Targeting cancer-intrinsic protein neddylation bypasses the loss of JAK/STAT signaling and overcomes acquired resistance to immunotherapy.Research square · 2026Article
- A Multiple Enzyme-Mimetic Platinum-Ruthenium Nanohybrid Prodrug Potentiates Chemo-/Chemodynamic-/Immuno-Therapy of Hypoxic Tumors.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- The landscape of genitourinary cancer vaccines: clinical advances and future opportunities.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
827 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
'Immune checkpoint blockade' for cancer describes the use of therapeutic antibodies that disrupt negative immune regulatory checkpoints and unleash pre-existing antitumour immune responses. Antibodies targeting the checkpoint molecules cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4), programmed cell death 1 (PD1) and PD1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) have had early success in the clinic, which has led to approval by the US Food and Drug Administration of multiple agents in several cancer types. Yet, clinicians still have very limited tools to discriminate a priori patients who will and will not respond to treatment. This has fuelled a wave of research into the molecular mechanisms of tumour-intrinsic resistance to immune checkpoint blockade, leading to the rediscovery of biological processes critical to antitumour immunity, namely interferon signalling and antigen presentation. Other efforts have shed light on the immunological implications of canonical cancer signalling pathways, such as WNT-β-catenin signalling, cell cycle regulatory signalling, mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling and pathways activated by loss of the tumour suppressor phosphoinositide phosphatase PTEN. Here we review each of these molecular mechanisms of resistance and explore ongoing approaches to overcome resistance to immune checkpoint blockade and expand the spectrum of patients who can benefit from immune checkpoint blockade.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.