Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31570615›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2019

A functional enrichment test for molecular convergent evolution finds a clear protein-coding signal in echolocating bats and whales.

Amir Marcovitz, Yatish Turakhia, Heidi I Chen, Michael Gloudemans, Benjamin A Braun, Haoqing Wang, Gill Bejerano

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed
9.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. The genetic foundations of convergent traits.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Machine learning reveals hidden dimensions of functional similarity in proteins.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Language models reveal a complex sequence basis for adaptive convergent evolution of protein functions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Amir MarcovitzDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.
Yatish TurakhiaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.
Heidi I ChenDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.ORCID 0000-0003-1744-8461
Michael GloudemansBiomedical Informatics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.
Benjamin A BraunDepartment of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.
Haoqing WangDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305.
Gill BejeranoDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305; bejerano@stanford.edu.
Stanford University · US

Funding

POSTDOCTORAL TRAINING IN MEDICAL INFORMATION SCIENCEST15LM007033 · NLM · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI SYLVIA KATINA PLEVRITIS · 1985 to 2026
$25.5M
GENETICS TRAINING PROGRAM FOR PHD CANDIDATEST32GM007790 · NIGMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI BRUNET, ANNE, KINGSLEY, DAVID M · 1985 to 2020
$12.8M
Combining genetics, genomics, and anatomy to classify cell types across mammalsU01MH105949 · NIMH · BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY · PI BEJERANO, GILL, LOIS, CARLOS · 2014 to 2016
$3.4M
The 200 mammals project: sequencing genomes by a novel cost-effective method, yielding a high resolution annotation of the human genome.R01HG008742 · NHGRI · BROAD INSTITUTE, INC. · PI BIRREN, BRUCE W., KARLSSON, ELINOR · 2016 to 2020
$2.8M
NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG008742NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007790NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH105949NLM NIH HHS T15 LM007033
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Distantly related species entering similar biological niches often adapt by evolving similar morphological and physiological characters. How much genomic molecular convergence (particularly of highly constrained coding sequence) contributes to convergent phenotypic evolution, such as echolocation in bats and whales, is a long-standing fundamental question. Like others, we find that convergent amino acid substitutions are not more abundant in echolocating mammals compared to their outgroups. However, we also ask a more informative question about the genomic distribution of convergent substitutions by devising a test to determine which, if any, of more than 4,000 tissue-affecting gene sets is most statistically enriched with convergent substitutions. We find that the gene set most overrepresented (

Indexed as

Adaptation, PhysiologicalAmino Acid SubstitutionAnimalsChiropteraEcholocationEvolution, MolecularGenomeGenomicsHearingPhylogenyProteinsSelection, GeneticWhalesProteinsaquaticcodingconvergent evolutionecholocationgenome-wide functional enrichment tests

Identifiers

PMID31570615
PMCPMC6800341
OpenAlexW2977812334

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.