ReviewThe journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice2020
Diagnosis and Management of Patients with the α-Gal Syndrome.
Review in The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 181 citations in OpenAlex.
- Achieving Precision Medicine in Allergic Disease: Progress and Challenges.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Alpha-Gal Syndrome Is More than Meats the IgE: A Patient Survey of Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Burdens.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Perioperative Considerations for Alpha-Gal Syndrome: A Literature Review and Single-Center Experience in a Highly Endemic Area.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Anaphylactic transfusion reaction to group B platelets related to alpha-gal syndrome: A case report.Transfusion · 2026Article
- Unusual Causes of Food-Induced Anaphylaxis - A Review.Indian dermatology online journal · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Cetuximab Hypersensitivity in the Setting of Asymptomatic Alpha-Gal Sensitization.Head & neck · 2026Article
- Alpha-gal sensitization and allergic blood transfusion reactions: a scoping review.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Misdiagnosis of alpha-gal syndrome as non-celiac gluten sensitivity or lactose intolerance: A diagnostic blind spot for clinicians.World journal of gastroenterology · 2026Review
- Nutritional considerations for alpha-gal syndrome: a mini-review.Frontiers in allergy · 2026Review
- From vector to allergen: exploring the immunology of tick-triggered α-Gal syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of commensal fecal bacteria isolated from pigs with an intentional genomic alteration that included the selectable marker geneFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Childhood-onset alpha-gal syndrome in the central black sea region: real-world data on diagnostic delays, age-specific clinical patterns, environmental risk factors, and anaphylaxis predictors.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- A Review of Alpha-Gal Syndrome for the Infectious Diseases Practitioner.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Article
- The Immunology of Alpha-Gal Syndrome: History, Tick Bites, IgE, and Delayed Anaphylaxis to Mammalian Meat.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Is Zebrafish a Good Model for the Alpha-Gal Syndrome?FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Review
- An eczematous eruption with features of prurigo nodularis: An unexpected presentation of alpha-gal syndrome.JAAD case reports · 2025Article
- Article
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The galactose-α-1,3-galactose (α-Gal) syndrome has many novel features that are relevant to diagnosis and management. In most cases, the diagnosis can be made on a history of delayed allergic reactions to mammalian meat and the blood test for IgE to the oligosaccharide α-Gal. In general, the diagnosis also dictates the primary treatment, that is, avoiding mammalian meat and also dairy in some cases. In the United States, the lone star tick is the primary cause of this disease, but different ticks are responsible in other countries. Blood levels of IgE to α-Gal often drop in patients who avoid recurrent tick bites, but the rate of decline is variable. Similarly, the delay before reactions is variable and the severity of the allergic reactions is not predicted by the delay or the titer of specific IgE. Some mammalian-derived products such as heart valves, gelatin-based plasma expanders, and pancreatic enzymes are relevant to only select patient groups. A minority of cases may benefit from avoiding a wide range of products that are prepared with mammalian-derived constituents, such as gelatin. This review focuses on the nature of the syndrome, common challenges in diagnosis and management, and also gaps in our current knowledge that would benefit from additional investigation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.