Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31566070›Full record

ArticleJournal of feline medicine and surgery2020

Phage constructs targeting gonadotropin-releasing hormone for fertility control: evaluation in cats.

Aime K Johnson, Rebecca L Jones, Carol J Kraneburg, Anna M Cochran, Alexandre M Samoylov, James C Wright, Cynthia Hutchinson, Catherine Picut, Russell C Cattley, Douglas R Martin and 1 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of feline medicine and surgery, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Aime K JohnsonDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3895-7767
Rebecca L JonesScott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
Carol J KraneburgDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
Anna M CochranScott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
Alexandre M SamoylovScott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
James C WrightDepartment of Pathobiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
Cynthia HutchinsonDepartment of Pathobiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
Catherine PicutCharles River Laboratories, LLC, Durham, NC, USA.
Russell C CattleyDepartment of Pathobiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
Douglas R MartinScott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
Tatiana I SamoylovaScott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
Auburn University · USCharles River Laboratories (United States) · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesPhage-gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) constructs with potential contraceptive properties were generated in our previous study via selection from a phage display library using neutralizing GnRH antibodies as selection targets. In mice, these constructs invoked the production of antibodies against GnRH and suppressed serum testosterone. The goal of this study was to evaluate this vaccine against GnRH for its potential to suppress reproductive characteristics in cats.

methodsSexually mature male cats were injected with a phage-GnRH vaccine using the following treatment groups: (1) single phage-GnRH vaccine with adjuvant; (2) phage-GnRH vaccine without adjuvant and half-dose booster 1 month later; or (3) phage-GnRH vaccine with adjuvant and two half-dose boosters with adjuvant 3 and 6 months later. Anti-GnRH antibodies and serum testosterone, testicular volume and sperm characteristics were evaluated monthly for 7-9 months.

resultsAll cats developed anti-GnRH antibodies following immunization. Serum antibody titers increased significantly after booster immunizations. In group 3, serum testosterone was suppressed 8 months after primary immunization. Total testicular volume decreased in group 1 by 24-42% and in group 3 by 15-36% at 7 months after immunization, indicating potential gonadal atrophy. Vacuolation of epididymides was observed histologically. Although all cats produced sperm at the conclusion of the study, normal morphology was decreased as much as 38%. Phage alone produced no local or systemic reactions. Immunization of phage with AdjuVac produced unacceptable injection site reactions. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Our phage-based vaccine against GnRH demonstrated a potential for fertility impairment in cats. Future research is required to optimize vaccine regimens and identify animal age groups most responsive to the vaccine. If permanent contraception (highly desirable in feral and shelter cats) cannot be achieved, the vaccine has a potential use in zoo animals or pets where multiple administrations are more practical and/or reversible infertility is desirable.

Indexed as

BacteriophagesCatsAnimalsContraceptionFertilityGonadotropin-Releasing HormoneMaleVaccinationVaccines, ContraceptiveGonadotropin-Releasing HormoneVaccines, ContraceptiveFertility controlfilamentous phageGnRHgonadotropin-releasing hormone

Identifiers

PMID31566070
PMCPMC10814494
OpenAlexW2977516692

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.