Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31565677›Full record

ArticleTrauma surgery & acute care open2019

The e-merging e-pidemic of e-scooters.

Leslie M Kobayashi, Elliot Williams, Carlos V Brown, Brent J Emigh, Vishal Bansal, Jayraan Badiee, Kyle D Checchi, Edward M Castillo, Jay Doucet

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Trauma surgery & acute care open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04960020 (A New Etiological Cause for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury), which is not on this map. Cited by 46 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
46citing papers in PubMed
21.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04960020 completednot on this map

A New Etiological Cause for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: E-Scooter

TypeobservationalSponsorProf. Dr. Cemil Tascıoglu Education and Research Hospital OrganizationRan2019 to 2021Enrolled680ConditionsAnterior Cruciate Ligament TearArmsRetrospective Data Review
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

46 citing papers in PubMed, 182 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. An exponential increase in e-bike injuries in California.Trauma surgery & acute care open · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Orthopedic Injuries Caused by Electric Scooters: A Systematic Review.HSS journal : the musculoskeletal journal of Hospital for Special Surgery · 2025
    Review
  7. Are electric scooters a lost cause?Trauma surgery & acute care open · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2023
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Electric scooters as a silent source of danger in increasing use among young people: a single-center in-depth accident analysis.Ulusal travma ve acil cerrahi dergisi = Turkish journal of trauma & emergency surgery : TJTES · 2023
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Major trauma among E-Scooter and bicycle users: a nationwide cohort study.Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Leslie M KobayashiDepartment of Surgery, University of California San Diego Health System, San Diego, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9063-0908
Elliot WilliamsDepartment of Surgery, University of California San Diego Health System, San Diego, California, USA.
Carlos V BrownDell Seton Medical Center, Austin, Texas, USA.
Brent J EmighDell Seton Medical Center, Austin, Texas, USA.
Vishal BansalScripps Mercy Hospital, San Diego, California, USA.
Jayraan BadieeScripps Mercy Hospital, San Diego, California, USA.
Kyle D ChecchiScripps Mercy Hospital, San Diego, California, USA.
Edward M CastilloEmergency Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
Jay DoucetDepartment of Surgery, University of California San Diego Health System, San Diego, California, USA.
Scripps Mercy Hospital · USUC San Diego Health System · USSeton Medical Center · USUniversity of California San Diego · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionSince their release in 2017, standing electric motorized scooters (eScooters) have risen in popularity as an alternative mode of transportation. We sought to examine the incidence of injury, injury patterns, prevalence of helmet and drug and alcohol use in eScooter trauma.

methodsThis was a multi-institutional retrospective case series of patients admitted for injuries related to operation of an eScooter following the widespread release of these devices in September 2017 (September 1, 2017 to October 31, 2018). Demographics, drug and alcohol use, helmet use, admission vitals, injuries, procedures, hospital and intensive care unit length of stay (LOS), death, and disposition were analyzed.

results103 patients were admitted during the study period, and monthly admissions increased significantly over time. Patients were young men (mean age 37.1 years; 65% male), 98% were not wearing a helmet. Median LOS was 1 day (IQR 1-3). 79% of patients were tested for alcohol and 48% had a blood alcohol level >80 mg/dL. 60% of patients had a urine toxicology screen, of which 52% were positive. Extremity fractures were the most frequent injury (42%), followed by facial fractures (26%) and intracranial hemorrhage (18%). Median Injury Severity Score was 5.5 (IQR 5-9). One-third of patients (n=34) required an operative intervention, the majority of which were open fixations of extremity and facial fractures. No patients died during the study. The majority of patients were discharged home (86%).

conclusioneScooter-related trauma has significantly increased over time. Alcohol and illicit substance use among these patients was common, and helmet use was extremely rare. Significant injuries including intracranial hemorrhage and fractures requiring operative intervention were present in over half (51%) of patients. Interventions aimed at increasing helmet use and discouraging eScooter operation while intoxicated are necessary to reduce the burden of eScooter-related trauma. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV.

Indexed as

accidentsalcohol and traumafractureshead injury

Identifiers

PMID31565677
PMCPMC6744075
OpenAlexW2970247989

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.