ArticleBMJ global health2019
Effect of airtime incentives on response and cooperation rates in non-communicable disease interactive voice response surveys: randomised controlled trials in Bangladesh and Uganda.
Article in BMJ global health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 25 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Varying Airtime Incentive Amounts to Improve Interactive Voice Response (IVR) Survey Performance in Bangladesh and Uganda
Comparison of Interactive Voice Response (IVR) and Computer-assisted Telephone Interview (CATI) Mobile Phone Surveys for Non-communicable Disease Risk Factor Surveillance in Bangladesh
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Debunking COVID-19 vaccine misinformation with an audio drama in Ghana, a randomized control trial.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Promised and Lottery Airtime Incentives to Improve Interactive Voice Response Survey Participation Among Adults in Bangladesh and Uganda: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Trial
- Understanding retention in longitudinal surveys conducted by mobile phone in lower-resource contexts: A case study from Kenya.PloS one · 2026Article
- A study in Bangladesh, Colombia, and Uganda on creating and retaining mobile health survey panels for longitudinal data collection.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Assessing the external validity of mobile phone surveys for monitoring ITN coverage indicators: a comparison with household surveys in Tanzania.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Exploring barriers to IVR surveys and the effectiveness of human follow-up calls: insights from a mixed methods study in Uganda.Oxford open digital health · 2025Article
- Assessing trends in non-coverage bias in mobile phone surveys for estimating insecticide-treated net coverage: a cross-sectional analysis in Tanzania, 2007-2017.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- A nationwide mobile phone survey for tobacco use in Tanzania: Sample quality and representativeness compared to a household survey.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Article
- Field based research in the era of the pandemic in resource limited settings: challenges and lessons for the future.Frontiers in public health · 2024Review
- Effect of the Data Collection Method on Mobile Phone Survey Participation in Bangladesh and Tanzania: Secondary Analyses of a Randomized Crossover Trial.JMIR formative research · 2023Article
- Developing digital tools for health surveys in low- and middle-income countries: Comparing findings of two mobile phone surveys with a nationally representative in-person survey in Bangladesh.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- An open-source digital contact tracing system tailored to haulage.Frontiers in digital health · 2023Article
- Trends and factors associated with mobile phone ownership among women of reproductive age in Bangladesh.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Article
- Collecting mortality data via mobile phone surveys: A non-inferiority randomized trial in Malawi.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Levels of depression, anxiety, and psychological distress among Ugandan adults during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: cross-sectional evidence from a mobile phone-based population survey.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2022Article
- Viewpoint: High-frequency phone surveys on COVID-19: Good practices, open questions.Food policy · 2021Review
- Population Health Surveillance Using Mobile Phone Surveys in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Methodology and Sample Representativeness of a Cross-sectional Survey of Live Poultry Exposure in Bangladesh.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2021Article
- Participatory Surveillance of COVID-19 in Lesotho via Weekly Calls: Protocol for Cell Phone Data Collection.JMIR research protocols · 2021Article
- Who do phone surveys miss, and how to reduce exclusion: recommendations from phone surveys in nine Indian states.BMJ global health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe global proliferation of mobile phones offers opportunity for improved non-communicable disease (NCD) data collection by interviewing participants using interactive voice response (IVR) surveys. We assessed whether airtime incentives can improve cooperation and response rates for an NCD IVR survey in Bangladesh and Uganda.
methodsParticipants were randomised to three arms: a) no incentive, b) 1X incentive or c) 2X incentive, where X was set to airtime of 50 Bangladesh Taka (US$0.60) and 5000 Ugandan Shillings (UGX; US$1.35). Adults aged 18 years and older who had a working mobile phone were sampled using random digit dialling. The primary outcomes, cooperation and response rates as defined by the American Association of Public Opinion Research, were analysed using log-binomial regression model.
resultsBetween 14 June and 14 July 2017, 440 262 phone calls were made in Bangladesh. The cooperation and response rates were, respectively, 28.8% (353/1227) and 19.2% (580/3016) in control, 39.2% (370/945) and 23.9% (507/2120) in 50 Taka and 40.0% (362/906) and 24.8% (532/2148) in 100 Taka incentive groups. Cooperation and response rates, respectively, were significantly higher in both the 50 Taka (risk ratio (RR) 1.36, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.53) and (RR 1.24, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.38), and 100 Taka groups (RR 1.39, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.56) and (RR 1.29, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.43), as compared with the controls. In Uganda, 174 157 phone calls were made from 26 March to 22 April 2017. The cooperation and response rates were, respectively, 44.7% (377/844) and 35.2% (552/1570) in control, 57.6% (404/701) and 39.3% (508/1293) in 5000 UGX and 58.8% (421/716) and 40.3% (535/1328) in 10 000 UGX groups. Cooperation and response rates were significantly higher, respectively in the 5000 UGX (RR 1.29, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.42) and (RR 1.12, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.23), and 10 000 UGX groups (RR 1.32, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.45) and (RR 1.15, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.26), as compared with the control group.
conclusionIn two diverse settings, the provision of an airtime incentive significantly improved both the cooperation and response rates of an IVR survey, with no significant difference between the two incentive amounts. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03768323.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.