Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31563831›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of surgical research2020

Microglia Adopt Longitudinal Transcriptional Changes After Traumatic Brain Injury.

Hadijat M Makinde, Talia B Just, Gaurav T Gadhvi, Deborah R Winter, Steven J Schwulst

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of surgical research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. CSF1R and IL1R1 inhibitors synergistically attenuate the early pathogenesis of traumatic brain injury in mice.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Revisiting the critical roles of reactive microglia in traumatic brain injury.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2025
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Neuroimmune cleanup crews in brain injury.Trends in immunology · 2021
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Hadijat M MakindeDepartment of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Critical Care, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
Talia B JustDepartment of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Critical Care, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
Gaurav T GadhviDepartment of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
Deborah R WinterDepartment of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
Steven J SchwulstDepartment of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Critical Care, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois. Electronic address: sschwuls@nmh.org.

Funding

The role of monocyte and microglia interaction in the evolution of traumatic brain injury-induced neurodegenerationR01GM130662 · NIGMS · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI SCHWULST, STEVEN J · 2019 to 2023
$2.8M
The role of innate immunity in the traumatic brain injury-induced immune suppression syndromeK08GM117341 · NIGMS · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI SCHWULST, STEVEN J · 2015 to 2018
$763k
NIGMS NIH HHS K08 GM117341NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM130662
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is an under-recognized public health threat. Even mild brain injuries can lead to long-term neurologic impairment. Microglia play a fundamental role in the development and progression of this ensuing neurologic impairment. Despite this, a microglia-specific injury signature has yet to be identified. We hypothesized that TBI would lead to long-term changes in the transcriptional profile of microglial pathways associated with the development of subsequent neurologic impairment. MATERIALS AND

methodsMale C57BL/6 mice underwent TBI via a controlled cortical impact and were followed longitudinally. FACSorted microglia from TBI mice were subjected to Quantiseq 3'-biased RNA sequencing at 7, 30, and 90 d after TBI. K-means clustering on 396 differentially expressed genes was performed, and gene ontology enrichment analysis was used to determine corresponding enriched processes.

resultsDifferentially expressed genes in microglia exhibited four main patterns of expression over the course of TBI. In particular, we identified four gene clusters which corresponded to the host defense response, synaptic plasticity, lipid remodeling, and membrane polarization.

conclusionsTranscriptional profiling within individual populations of microglia after TBI remains a critical unmet research need within the field of TBI. This focused study identified several physiologic processes within microglia that may be associated with development of long-term neurologic impairment after TBI. These data demonstrate the capability of longitudinal transcriptional profiling to uncover potential cell-specific targets for the treatment of TBI.

Indexed as

AnimalsBrain Injuries, TraumaticCerebral CortexDisease Models, AnimalDisease ProgressionGene Expression ProfilingHumansMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMicrogliaMultigene FamilyNervous System DiseasesNeuronal PlasticitySignal TransductionTime FactorsFACSMicrogliaRNA SequencingTBI

Identifiers

PMID31563831
PMCPMC6917875

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.