ArticleScientific reports2019
Intestinal inflammation increases convulsant activity and reduces antiepileptic drug efficacy in a mouse model of epilepsy.
Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- The potential role of the lung-brain axis in the pathophysiology of epilepsy: A hypothesis-driven perspective.Genes & diseases · 2026Review
- Gut Microbiota Modulation in CNS Disorders: Therapeutic Strategies and Implications for Drug Efficacy.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- The Gut Microbiota-Epilepsy Axis: Bibliometric Trends, Mechanistic Insights, and Microbiota-Targeted Next-Generation Therapeutic Opportunities.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Prevalence and potential risk factors associated with idiopathic epilepsy in Golden Retrievers.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2026Article
- Gut-Brain Axis Modulation by Short-Chain Fatty Acids Exerts Disease-Modifying Effects in a Murine Model of Drug-Resistant Epilepsy.Annals of neurology · 2026Article
- Holistic management of epilepsy in adults with intellectual development disorders.Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotape · 2026Article
- The gut microbiome and drug-resistant epilepsy: Microbiome-antiseizure medication interactions and implications for pharmacoresistance.Epilepsia open · 2026Review
- Review
- Beneficial Modulation of the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis by Supplementation with Modified Kodo Millet Bran and a GABA-Producing Bacterium in PTZ-Induced Kindling.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Exploring the role of PD-1 as a marker in drug-refractory epilepsy and its potential indication for valproic acid treatment.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- The Role of Antioxidants in the Connection Between Microbiota, Neuroinflammation and Epilepsy.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Aging, the microbiota-gut-brain axis, and late-life epilepsy: a hypothesis-driven review.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Alteration of Gut Microbiota by Ketogenic Diet as an Alternative Therapeutic Target for Drug-Resistant Epilepsy.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- The gut microbiome associated with LGI1-antibody encephalitis.Epilepsia · 2025Article
- Multi-site investigation of gut microbiota in CDKL5 deficiency disorder mouse models: Targeting dysbiosis to improve neurological outcomes.Cell reports · 2025Article
- The comparison of gut microbiota between different types of epilepsy in children.Microbial cell factories · 2025Article
- Sodium butyrate ameliorates mitochondrial oxidative stress and alterations in membrane-bound enzyme activities in pentylenetetrazole-induced kindling rat model.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Article
- Targeting the gut to improve seizure control in CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD): study protocol for a single-arm, open-label clinical trial.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Microbiota-gut-brain Axis: Novel Potential Pathways for Developing Antiepileptogenic Drugs.Current neuropharmacology · 2025Review
- Radiation-Induced Brain Injury: Mechanistic Insights and the Promise of Gut-Brain Axis Therapies.Brain sciences · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We studied the effects of intestinal inflammation on pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures in mice and the effects thereon of some antiepileptic and anti-inflammatory treatments to establish if a link may exist. The agents tested were: alpha-lactoalbumin (ALAC), a whey protein rich in tryptophan, effective in some animal models of epilepsy and on colon/intestine inflammation, valproic acid (VPA), an effective antiepileptic drug in this seizure model, mesalazine (MSZ) an effective aminosalicylate anti-inflammatory treatment against ulcerative colitis and sodium butyrate (NaB), a short chain fatty acid (SCFA) normally produced in the intestine by gut microbiota, important in maintaining gut health and reducing gut inflammation and oxidative stress. Intestinal inflammation was induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) administration for 6 days. Drug treatment was started on day 3 and lasted 11 days, when seizure susceptibility to PTZ was measured along with intestinal inflammatory markers (i.e. NF-κB, Iκ-Bα, COX-2, iNOS), histological damage, disease activity index (DAI) and SCFA concentration in stools. DSS-induced colitis increased seizure susceptibility and while all treatments were able to reduce intestinal inflammation, only ALAC and NaB exhibited significant antiepileptic properties in mice with induced colitis, while they were ineffective as antiepileptics at the same doses in control mice without colitis. Interestingly, in DSS-treated mice, VPA lost part of its antiepileptic efficacy in comparison to preventing seizures in non-DSS-treated mice while MSZ remained ineffective in both groups. Our study demonstrates that reducing intestinal inflammation through ALAC or NaB administration has specific anticonvulsant effects in PTZ-treated mice. Furthermore, it appears that intestinal inflammation may reduce the antiepileptic effects of VPA, although we confirm that it decreases seizure threshold in this group. Therefore, we suggest that intestinal inflammation may represent a valid antiepileptic target which should also be considered as a participating factor to seizure incidence in susceptible patients and also could be relevant in reducing standard antiepileptic drug efficacy.
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