Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31561859›Full record

ArticleBiological psychiatry2020

Brain Changes Induced by Electroconvulsive Therapy Are Broadly Distributed.

Olga Therese Ousdal, Miklos Argyelan, Katherine L Narr, Christopher Abbott, Benjamin Wade, Mathieu Vandenbulcke, Mikel Urretavizcaya, Indira Tendolkar, Akihiro Takamiya, Max L Stek and 25 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Biological psychiatry, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04305132 (Can Electroconvulsive Therapy Alter Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness of Patients With Depression), which is not on this map. Cited by 50 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
50citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
8.4field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04305132 unknown statusnot on this map

Can Electroconvulsive Therapy Alter Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness of Patients With Depression

TypeobservationalSponsorMehmet Diyaddin GülekenRan2020 to 2021Enrolled50ConditionsDepressionArmsElectroconvulsive therapy
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

50 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.

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  15. The relationship between electric field strength induced by electroconvulsive therapy and cognitive and antidepressant outcomes.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

35 authors at 17 institutions in 9 countries.

Olga Therese OusdalDepartment of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. Electronic address: olgatherese.ousdal@gmail.com.
Miklos ArgyelanCenter for Psychiatric Neuroscience at the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, New York, New York.
Katherine L NarrDepartments of Neurology, Psychiatry, and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles.
Christopher AbbottDepartment of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Benjamin WadeDepartments of Neurology, Psychiatry, and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles.
Mathieu VandenbulckeDepartment of Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Mikel UrretavizcayaDepartment of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.
Indira TendolkarDepartment of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Faculty of Medicine and Landschaftsverband Rheinland Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
Akihiro TakamiyaDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Komagino Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Max L StekGeestelijke GezondheidsZorg inGeest Specialized Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Carles Soriano-MasDepartment of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute; Department of Psychobiology and Methodology in Health Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.
Ronny RedlichDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
Olaf B PaulsonNeurobiology Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Mardien L OudegaGeestelijke GezondheidsZorg inGeest Specialized Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Nils OpelDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany; Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF), University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
Pia NordanskogCenter for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Taishiro KishimotoDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Robin KampeCenter for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Anders JorgensenPsychiatric Center Copenhagen (Rigshospitalet), Mental Health Services of the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Lars G HansonCenter for Magnetic Resonance, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Center for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark.
J Paul HamiltonCenter for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Randall EspinozaDepartments of Neurology, Psychiatry, and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles.
Louise EmsellDepartment of Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Philip van EijndhovenDepartment of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Annemieke DolsGeestelijke GezondheidsZorg inGeest Specialized Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Udo DannlowskiDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
Narcis CardonerDepartment of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain; Department of Mental Health, University Hospital Parc Taulí-I3PT, Sabadell, Spain.
Filip BouckaertDepartment of Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Amit AnandCleveland Clinic, Center for Behavioral Health, Cleveland, Ohio.
Hauke BartschCenter for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California.
Ute KesslerNorwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Ketil J OedegaardNorwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Anders M DaleCenter for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California.
Leif OltedalMohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Centre, Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
GEMRIC
Haukeland University Hospital · NOAmsterdam Neuroscience · NLKU Leuven · BELinköping University · SEUniversity of California, Los Angeles · USUniversity of Münster · DEKeio University · JPMental Health Services · DKRadboud University Nijmegen · NLUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona · ESUniversity of California San Diego · USCleveland Clinic · USFeinstein Institute for Medical Research · USHvidovre Hospital · DKInstituto de Salud Carlos III · ESUniversity of Copenhagen · DKUniversity of New Mexico · US

Funding

ABCD-USA Consortium: Data Analysis, Informatics and Resource CenterU24DA041123 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ANDERS M DALE · 2015 to 2026
$51.5M
MICROSCOPIC FOUNDATION OF MULTIMODAL HUMAN IMAGINGR01MH111359 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI DALE, ANDERS M, DEVOR, ANNA · 2016 to 2020
$5.6M
NIDA NIH HHS U24 DA041123NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH111359
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundElectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is associated with volumetric enlargements of corticolimbic brain regions. However, the pattern of whole-brain structural alterations following ECT remains unresolved. Here, we examined the longitudinal effects of ECT on global and local variations in gray matter, white matter, and ventricle volumes in patients with major depressive disorder as well as predictors of ECT-related clinical response.

methodsLongitudinal magnetic resonance imaging and clinical data from the Global ECT-MRI Research Collaboration (GEMRIC) were used to investigate changes in white matter, gray matter, and ventricle volumes before and after ECT in 328 patients experiencing a major depressive episode. In addition, 95 nondepressed control subjects were scanned twice. We performed a mega-analysis of single subject data from 14 independent GEMRIC sites.

resultsVolumetric increases occurred in 79 of 84 gray matter regions of interest. In total, the cortical volume increased by mean ± SD of 1.04 ± 1.03% (Cohen's d = 1.01, p < .001) and the subcortical gray matter volume increased by 1.47 ± 1.05% (d = 1.40, p < .001) in patients. The subcortical gray matter increase was negatively associated with total ventricle volume (Spearman's rank correlation ρ = -.44, p < .001), while total white matter volume remained unchanged (d = -0.05, p = .41). The changes were modulated by number of ECTs and mode of electrode placements. However, the gray matter volumetric enlargements were not associated with clinical outcome.

conclusionsThe findings suggest that ECT induces gray matter volumetric increases that are broadly distributed. However, gross volumetric increases of specific anatomically defined regions may not serve as feasible biomarkers of clinical response.

Indexed as

Electroconvulsive TherapyMajor Depressive DisorderBrainGray MatterHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingAntidepressantBiomarkerBrainDepressionECTMagnetic resonance imagingNeuroimaging

Identifiers

PMID31561859
OpenAlexW2946718330

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Registered trials

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