ArticleNature communications2019
The hidden structure of human enamel.
Article in Nature communications, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evaluation of enamel surface integrity after orthodontic bracket debonding: comparison of three different system.BMC oral health · 2024Trial
- Spatiotemporal Regulation of Hierarchical Assembly of Hydroxyapatite for Enamel Remineralization.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Biomimetic Enamel Remineralization in Pediatric Dentistry: From Biological Principles to Clinical Evidence.Cureus · 2026Review
- Revisiting the inorganic component of bone: beyond the accepted concept of "mineral".Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Enamel matrix acidification caused by loss of amelogenin phosphorylation disrupts ameloblast pH-regulatory machinery.JBMR plus · 2026Article
- Human Enamel Formation: A Scoping Review for Oral Health Professionals.Dentistry journal · 2026Review
- Proteomic signature of the acquired salivary pellicle on zirconia and its role in modulating oral biofilms formation.Odontology · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Kdf1 missense mutation caused enamel defects by disrupting cell adhesion and Hippo-YAP signaling in dental epithelium.International journal of oral science · 2026Article
- Microstructural characterization of enamel at different walls of Class II cavities.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- The Impact of Periodontal Instrumentation on Enamel and Cementum: A Narrative Review.Dentistry journal · 2026Review
- Amelogenin Phosphorylation Affects Protein-Protein Interactions In Vivo.Calcified tissue international · 2026Article
- Micro-Raman Spectroscopy Reveals Compositional Alterations in Molar Incisor Hypomineralization and Enamel Adjacent to Demarcated Opacities.Calcified tissue international · 2026Article
- Serine-16 Phosphorylation, C-Terminal Truncation, and Ion-Specific Interactions Coordinate Amelogenin Nanoribbon Formation.Calcified tissue international · 2026Article
- Ano1 Antisense Therapy Improves Enamel Properties in Molars but not Amelogenesis in a Murine Model of Cystic Fibrosis.Calcified tissue international · 2026Article
- Superstrong and supertough biomimetic nanocellulose composites with gradient bouligand architecture.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Tetracycline Enables Visualization of Remineralization Induced by Agents Penetrating Dental Enamel.Calcified tissue international · 2026Article
- Advanced biomimetic mineralization approaches for enamel and dentin regeneration: a review.Odontology · 2026Review
- Amelogenin Phosphorylation Affects Key Regulatory Genes in the Enamel Organ.Calcified tissue international · 2026Review
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Enamel is the hardest and most resilient tissue in the human body. Enamel includes morphologically aligned, parallel, ∼50 nm wide, microns-long nanocrystals, bundled either into 5-μm-wide rods or their space-filling interrod. The orientation of enamel crystals, however, is poorly understood. Here we show that the crystalline c-axes are homogenously oriented in interrod crystals across most of the enamel layer thickness. Within each rod crystals are not co-oriented with one another or with the long axis of the rod, as previously assumed: the c-axes of adjacent nanocrystals are most frequently mis-oriented by 1°-30°, and this orientation within each rod gradually changes, with an overall angle spread that is never zero, but varies between 30°-90° within one rod. Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that the observed mis-orientations of adjacent crystals induce crack deflection. This toughening mechanism contributes to the unique resilience of enamel, which lasts a lifetime under extreme physical and chemical challenges.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.