ArticleJNCI cancer spectrum2019
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Testicular Germ Cell Tumors Following In Utero Exposure to Diethylstilbestrol.
Article in JNCI cancer spectrum, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Testicular Cancer: A Systematic Review.European urology · 2025Pooled it
- Causes of Childhood Cancer: A Review of Literature (2014-2021): Part 2-Pregnancy and Birth-Related Factors.Cancers · 2025Review
- The Influence of Environmental Exposure to Xenoestrogens on the Risk of Cancer Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Article
- New insights on testicular cancer prevalence with novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic approaches.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2024Review
- Implications of hormonal carcinogenesis for transgender and gender-diverse people undergoing gender-affirming hormone therapy: an up-to-date review.BMJ oncology · 2024Review
- Birth Defects in Offspring of Adolescent and Young Adults with a History of Cancer: A Population-Based Study of 27,000 Women.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2023Article
- Preventing/Reversing Adverse Effects of Endocrine Disruption on Mouse Testes by Normalizing Tissue Resident VSELs.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2023Article
- Risk Factors for Testicular Cancer: Environment, Genes and Infections-Is It All?Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- c4c: Paediatric pharmacovigilance: Methodological considerations in research and development of medicines for children - A c4c expert group white paper.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2022Review
- Paternal Occupational Exposure to Heavy Metals and Welding Fumes and Testicular Germ Cell Tumours in Sons in France.Cancers · 2022Article
- Testicular cancer in mice: interplay between stem cells and endocrine insults.Stem cell research & therapy · 2022Article
- In utero exposure to 17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate and risk of cancer in offspring.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2022Article
- Mutational signatures among young-onset testicular cancers.BMC medical genomics · 2021Article
- Prenatal Diethylstilbestrol Exposure and Cancer Risk in Males.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2021Article
- Are the Effects of DES Over? A Tragic Lesson from the Past.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- Altered Biology of Testicular VSELs and SSCs by Neonatal Endocrine Disruption Results in Defective Spermatogenesis, Reduced Fertility and Tumor Initiation in Adult Mice.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2020Article
- Evidence for germline non-genetic inheritance of human phenotypes and diseases.Clinical epigenetics · 2020Review
- Prenatal Diethylstilbestrol Exposure: A Harbinger for Future Testicular Cancer Incidence?JNCI cancer spectrum · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEarly exposure to estrogen-like compounds has been implicated in the etiology of testicular cancer, but individual level epidemiologic data addressing this hypothesis are scarce. The synthetic estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES) was administered during pregnancy from 1948 to 1971, but sequelae of in utero exposure have been more extensively characterized in females than in males.
methodsBy systematic review, we sought to identify all epidemiologic research relating testicular cancer to a history of in utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol. Identified studies were critically appraised to assemble a set of nonredundant data in which any in utero exposure to DES was compared between men with incident testicular cancer and cancer-free men. These data were synthesized using random effects meta-analysis to estimate the summary association between in utero DES exposure and testicular cancer.
resultsBy meta-analysis of data from the six qualifying studies, the summary odds ratio estimate of the in utero DES-testicular cancer association was 2.98 (95% confidence interval = 1.15 to 7.67).
conclusionsResults of this comprehensive meta-analysis accord with a threefold increase in testicular cancer risk among men who were exposed in utero to DES, implicating early hormonal exposures in etiology of testicular cancer. Because use of DES ceased in 1971, this work may provide the most comprehensive estimate of this association that will be made.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
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