Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31555580›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in oncology2019

Second-Generation Antiandrogens: From Discovery to Standard of Care in Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Meghan A Rice, Sanjay V Malhotra, Tanya Stoyanova

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 169 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
169citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
27.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

169 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 305 citations in OpenAlex.

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109 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Meghan A RiceDepartment of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States.
Sanjay V MalhotraDepartment of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States.
Tanya StoyanovaDepartment of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States.
Stanford University · US

Funding

The Development of 4-methylumbelliferone Pro-drugs to Prevent Autoimmune DiabetesR01DK114174 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI BOLLYKY, PAUL L · 2018 to 2020
$1.3M
Elucidating Novel Mechanisms Underlying Prostate Cancer DevelopmentR03CA230819 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI STOYANOVA, TANYA I · 2018 to 2019
$160k
NCI NIH HHS R03 CA230819NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK114174
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer affecting men in the United States. The prostate is a hormone-dependent gland in which androgen hormones testosterone and dihydrotestosterone bind to and activate the androgen receptor, initiating nuclear translocation of androgen receptor and a subsequent signaling cascade. Due to the androgen dependency of the prostate, androgen deprivation therapies have emerged as first line treatment for aggressive prostate cancer. Such therapies are effective until the point at which prostate cancer, through a variety of mechanisms including but not limited to generation of ligand-independent androgen receptor splice variants, or intratumoral androgen production, overcome hormone deprivation. These cancers are androgen ablation resistant, clinically termed castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and remain incurable. First-generation antiandrogens established androgen receptor blockade as a therapeutic strategy, but these therapies do not completely block androgen receptor activity. Efficacy and potency have been improved by the development of second-generation antiandrogen therapies, which remain the standard of care for patients with CRPC. Four second-generation anti-androgens are currently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA); abiraterone acetate, enzalutamide, and recently approved apalutamide and darolutamide. This review is intended to provide a thorough overview of FDA approved second-generation antiandrogen discovery, treatment application, strategies for combination therapy to overcome resistance, and an insight for the potential future approaches for therapeutic inhibition of androgen receptor.

Indexed as

abiraterone acetateantiandrogensapalutamideCRPCdarolutamideenzalutamideprostate cancersecond-generation antiandrogens

Identifiers

PMID31555580
PMCPMC6723105
OpenAlexW2966112499

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.