Trial reportScientific reports2019
Comparison of botulinum toxin with surgery for the treatment of acute acquired comitant esotropia and its clinical characteristics.
Trial report in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative efficacy of botulinum toxin and surgical treatment for acute acquired concomitant esotropia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy of botulinum toxin injection versus bilateral medial rectus recession for comitant esotropia: a meta-analysis.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2023Pooled it
- Augmented medial rectus recession versus botulinum toxin therapy for acute acquired comitant esotropia: analysis of outcomes and recurrence predictors.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2026Trial
- Clinical efficacy, safety, and success factors of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of acute acquired comitant esotropia.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Article
- Efficacy of botulinum toxin and surgery in managing acute acquired comitant esotropia.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2025Article
- Prism and Maddox rod test as a reliable tool for surgical targeting in small-angle AACE.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Long-term efficacy of botulinum toxin for treatment of acquired non-accommodative comitant esotropia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Botulinum toxin type A success rates and predictive factors for favourable outcomes in paediatric patients with acquired esotropia.PloS one · 2025Article
- Acute-onset Concomitant Esotropia in Children: A Comparison of Clinical Features and Treatment Outcomes.Journal of ophthalmic & vision research · 2025Article
- Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of acute acquired comitant esotropia.International ophthalmology · 2024Review
- Botulinum toxin type A in treating early-stage patients with small-angle acute acquired comitant esotropia.International journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Conformation of Horizontal Extraocular Muscle Insertions in Acute Acquired Concomitant Esotropia Induced by Excessive Digital Device Usage.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Article
- Clinical features, etiological reasons, and treatment results in patients who developed acute acquired nonaccomodative esotropia.International ophthalmology · 2023Article
- The efficacy of botulinum toxin type A treatment and surgery for acute acquired comitant esotropia.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Botulinum Toxin Injection versus Extraocular Muscle Surgery for Acute Acquired Comitant Esotropia.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Article
- Clinical findings of acute acquired comitant esotropia in young patients.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Clinical efficacy of botulinum toxin type A on acute acquired comitant esotropia.International journal of ophthalmology · 2022Article
- The Effect of Different Treatment Methods on Acute Acquired Concomitant Esotropia.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022Article
- Treatment of acute acquired concomitant esotropia.BMC ophthalmology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We compared the therapeutic effects between botulinum toxin and surgery for acute acquired comitant esotropia (AACE) and analyze its clinical characteristics. The data of the 29 cases, who received treatment for AACE in the Ophthalmic Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Provincial Ophthalmology Hospital between January 2016 and January 2017, were collected. The 29 cases with AACE were followed for 6 months or more, and received either botulinum toxin injection (group A with 13 cases) or squint correction (group B with 16 cases). The distant and near deviation angles were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. The success rate (total horizontal deviation of 10 prism diopters or less) and stereopsis were compared between the two groups at post-treatment 6 months. At the same time, the relations between distant and near deviation angles were analyzed among different myopia levels and different AACE types. Results indicated that he success rate was not significantly different at post-treatment 6 months (84.6% vs 81.3%, P = 1.00). The distant and near deviation angles were all significantly different one day and one month after treatment (all P < 0.05); but at post-treatment 6 months, they were not significantly different (all P > 0.05) between the two groups. There were no significant differences in the distant and near stereoacuity between the two groups at post-treatment 6 months (all P > 0.05). Among the 25 cases with myopia, the pre-treatment distant deviation angle was significantly higher than pre-treatment near deviation angle in the cases with myopia level >-2.5 D (P < 0.05), and the pre-treatment distant and near deviation angles were all significantly higher in the cases with type-IIAACE than in the cases with type-IIIAACE (all P < 0.05). This study suggests that Botulinum toxin is as effective as surgery in the treatment of AACE at post-treatment 6 months. For the cases with myopia level >-2.5 D, the pre-treatment distant deviation angle is significantly higher than pre-treatment near deviation angle; and both pre-treatment distant and near deviation angles are greater in the cases with type-IIAACE than in the cases with type-IIIAACE.
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