ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2019
Leptin and Associated Mediators of Immunometabolic Signaling: Novel Molecular Outcome Measures for Neurostimulation to Treat Chronic Pain.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Physiological Adaptations and Serum-Based Biomarker Dynamics During Multimodal Rehabilitation in Chronic Pain: Analysis of a Prospective Cohort Study.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- The adiponectin-depression nexus: a brief review of mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Review
- Plasma Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in an Observational Chronic Low Back Pain Cohort.JOR spine · 2025Article
- Adipokines, Vitamin D, and Selected Inflammatory Biomarkers among Parkinson's Disease Patients with and without Dyskinesia: A Preliminary Examination.Metabolites · 2024Article
- Potential Therapeutic Effects of Short-Chain Fatty Acids on Chronic Pain.Current neuropharmacology · 2024Review
- Associations between chronic widespread pain, pressure pain thresholds, leptin, and metabolic factors in individuals with knee pain.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2023Article
- Musical therapy attenuates neuroma pain by modifying leptin expression.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2022Article
- A Clarion Call for Neuroinflammatory Assays in Brain Stimulation for Chronic Pain.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Circulating inflammatory biomarkers in adolescents: evidence of interactions between chronic pain and obesity.Pain reports · 2021Article
- Comorbid Bipolar Disorder and Migraine: From Mechanisms to Treatment.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 10 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic pain is a devastating condition affecting the physical, psychological, and socioeconomic status of the patient. Inflammation and immunometabolism play roles in the pathophysiology of chronic pain disorders. Electrical neuromodulation approaches have shown a meaningful success in otherwise drug-resistant chronic pain conditions, including failed back surgery, neuropathic pain, and migraine. A literature review (PubMed, MEDLINE/OVID, SCOPUS, and manual searches of the bibliographies of known primary and review articles) was performed using the following search terms: chronic pain disorders, systemic inflammation, immunometabolism, prediction, biomarkers, metabolic disorders, and neuromodulation for chronic pain. Experimental studies indicate a relationship between the development and maintenance of chronic pain conditions and a deteriorated immunometabolic state mediated by circulating cytokines, chemokines, and cellular components. A few uncontrolled in-human studies found increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines known to drive metabolic disorders in chronic pain patients undergoing neurostimulation therapies. In this narrative review, we summarize the current knowledge and possible relationships of available neurostimulation therapies for chronic pain with mediators of central and peripheral neuroinflammation and immunometabolism on a molecular level. However, to address the needs for predictive factors and biomarkers, large-scale databank driven clinical trials are needed to determine the clinical value of molecular profiling.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.