ArticleJournal of neuropathology and experimental neurology2019
Neuroinflammation and Not Tauopathy Is a Predominant Pathological Signature of Nodding Syndrome.
Article in Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Histopathological Evidence of Neurodegenerative Pathology in Epilepsy: A Systematic Review.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Doxycycline for the treatment of nodding syndrome: a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.The Lancet. Global health · 2024Trial
- Ivermectin as an adjuvant to anti-epileptic treatment in persons with onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy: A randomized proof-of-concept clinical trial.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Trial
- The Nodding syndrome cerebrospinal fluid proteome: a lens into neurodevelopmental failure consistent with environmentally triggeredFrontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Article
- Insights into pathophysiology, biomarkers, and therapeutics in tauopathies: Proceedings of the Tau2024 Global Conference.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Cameroonian blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) harbour a plethora of RNA viruses.Virus evolution · 2025Article
- Prevalence of onchocerciasis and epilepsy in a Tanzanian region after a prolonged community-directed treatment with ivermectin.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- The onchocerciasis hypothesis of nodding syndrome.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Epilepsy and nodding syndrome in association with an Onchocerca volvulus infection drive distinct immune profile patterns.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- The tau hypothesis of nodding syndrome in Africa.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Comparison of Structural Changes in Nodding Syndrome and Other Epilepsies Associated WithNeurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- The spectrum of disease and tau pathology of nodding syndrome in Uganda.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2023Article
- Preliminary seroprevalence study of neurotropic virus antibodies in Nodding syndrome.eNeurologicalSci · 2022Article
- Epileptogenesis in Common Parasitic Infections.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2022Review
- The Prevalence of Onchocerciasis-Associated Epilepsy in Mundri West and East Counties, South Sudan: A Door-to-Door Survey.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The neurology of chronic nodding syndrome.Brain communications · 2022Article
- Tauopathy and Epilepsy Comorbidities and Underlying Mechanisms.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Review
- Neuroimmunology of Common Parasitic Infections in Africa.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Nodding Syndrome: A Scoping Review.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2021Article
- Risk Factors for Nodding Syndrome and Other Forms of Epilepsy in Northern Uganda: A Case-Control Study.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nodding syndrome (NS) is an epileptic disorder occurring in children in African onchocerciasis endemic regions. Here, we describe the pathological changes in 9 individuals from northern Uganda who died with NS (n = 5) or other forms of onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE) (n = 4). Postmortem examinations were performed and clinical information was obtained. Formalin-fixed brain samples were stained by hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemistry was used to stain astrocytes (GFAP), macrophages (CD68), ubiquitin, α-synuclein, p62, TDP-43, amyloid β, and tau (AT8). The cerebellum showed atrophy and loss of Purkinje cells with hyperplasia of the Bergmann glia. Gliosis and features of past ventriculitis and/or meningitis were observed in all but 1 participant. CD68-positive macrophage clusters were observed in all cases in various degrees. Immunohistochemistry for amyloid β, α-synuclein, or TDP-43 was negative. Mild to sparse AT8-positive neurofibrillary tangle-like structures and threads were observed in 4/5 NS and 2/4 OAE cases, preferentially in the frontal and parietal cortex, thalamic- and hypothalamic regions, mesencephalon and corpus callosum. Persons who died with NS and other forms of OAE presented similar pathological changes but no generalized tauopathy, suggesting that NS and other forms of OAE are different clinical presentations of a same disease with a common etiology.
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