ReviewFrontiers in immunology2019
Bee Updated: Current Knowledge on Bee Venom and Bee Envenoming Therapy.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 204 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Single-Arm, Multicenter Phase I/II Clinical Trial for the Treatment of Envenomings by Massive Africanized Honey Bee Stings Using the Unique Apilic Antivenom.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Multiple Organ-Dysfunction Secondary to Multiple Bee Sting: A Case Report From Tanzania.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Honeybee Venom Components and Melittin-Functionalized FeMaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Association Between Preoperative Calcium Levels and the Occurrence of Postoperative PE in Trauma Patients: A Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study.World journal of surgery · 2026Article
- From permeation enhancer to therapeutic enabler: Advances, applications, and translational perspectives in hyaluronidase-based drug delivery.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Novel antivenoms bite back.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- Article
- Therapeutic potential of infrared-treated bee venom: enhanced multi-faceted bioactivity via compositional modulation.Bioresources and bioprocessing · 2026Article
- Nanobody-based IgG simultaneously inhibit the allergenic and enzymatic activity of the dominant honeybee venom allergen.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Bee venom acupuncture therapy ameliorates ulcerative colitis by reducing inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and suppressing the NF-κB/HIF-1α pathway.Open life sciences · 2026Article
- Development and Internal Validation of a Predictive Nomogram for Assessing Rhabdomyolysis Risk After Wasp Stings: A Multicenter Study in Sichuan, China.Emergency medicine international · 2026Article
- Detoxification of Insect-Derived Allergen PLA2 via Quercetin Modification: Molecular Simulation and Animal Validation.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Varroa destructor weakens the external immunity of western honey bees by impairing melittin production.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial Potential of Bee-Derived Products: Insights into Honey, Propolis and Bee Venom.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Retinal and choroidal detachment following corneal wasp sting: a case report and literature review.Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection · 2025Article
- Are you my mother? When host genetics and gut microbiota tell different phylogenetic stories in the Africanized honey bee hybrid (Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Deciphering the Neuroprotective Action of Bee Venom Peptide Melittin: Insights into Mechanistic Interplay.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Elimination of certain honeybee venom activities by adipokinetic hormone.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Anticancer Activity of Melittin-Containing Bee Venom Fraction Against Glioblastoma Cells In Vitro.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Honey bees can be found all around the world and fulfill key pollination roles within their natural ecosystems, as well as in agriculture. Most species are typically docile, and most interactions between humans and bees are unproblematic, despite their ability to inject a complex venom into their victims as a defensive mechanism. Nevertheless, incidences of bee stings have been on the rise since the accidental release of Africanized bees to Brazil in 1956 and their subsequent spread across the Americas. These bee hybrids are more aggressive and are prone to attack, presenting a significant healthcare burden to the countries they have colonized. To date, treatment of such stings typically focuses on controlling potential allergic reactions, as no specific antivenoms against bee venom currently exist. Researchers have investigated the possibility of developing bee antivenoms, but this has been complicated by the very low immunogenicity of the key bee toxins, which fail to induce a strong antibody response in the immunized animals. However, with current cutting-edge technologies, such as phage display, alongside the rise of monoclonal antibody therapeutics, the development of a recombinant bee antivenom is achievable, and promising results towards this goal have been reported in recent years. Here, current knowledge on the venom biology of Africanized bees and current treatment options against bee envenoming are reviewed. Additionally, recent developments within next-generation bee antivenoms are presented and discussed.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.