ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2019
BPA Alters Estrogen Receptor Expression in the Heart After Viral Infection Activating Cardiac Mast Cells and T Cells Leading to Perimyocarditis and Fibrosis.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Myocardial Immune Cells: The Basis of Cardiac Immunology.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Pooled it
- Sex differences in a mouse model of radiation-induced cardiomyopathy.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Plastic-Derived Pollutants as Emerging Modifiers of Viral Diseases.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Sexually dimorphic effects of in-utero exposure to a real-life environmental chemical mixture on markers of cardiovascular function in adult sheep.Environmental toxicology and pharmacology · 2025Article
- Donor-dependent heterogeneity in therapeutic effects of adipose tissue extracellular vesicles.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- Article
- Sex Bias in Autoimmunity: New Findings and New Opportunities.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2025Review
- Sexually dimorphic cardiovascular impacts of prenatal exposure to a real-life environmental chemical mixture in adult offspring.Environmental toxicology and pharmacology · 2025Article
- Endocrine Disruptors in Child Obesity and Related Disorders: Early Critical Windows of Exposure.Current nutrition reports · 2025Review
- Mechanisms underlying sex differences in autoimmunity.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Review
- Mast cells: a novel therapeutic avenue for cardiovascular diseases?Cardiovascular research · 2024Review
- Mast Cells in Cardiac Remodeling: Focus on the Right Ventricle.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2024Review
- The inflammatory spectrum of cardiomyopathies.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Therapeutic effects of platelet-derived extracellular vesicles on viral myocarditis correlate with biomolecular content.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Association of urinary bisphenol A levels with heart failure risk in U.S. adults from the NHANES (2003-2016).Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Bisphenol A (BPA) and Cardiovascular or Cardiometabolic Diseases.Journal of xenobiotics · 2023Review
- Reconstituted Extracellular Vesicles from Human Platelets Decrease Viral Myocarditis in Mice.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2023Article
- Autoantibodies to IgE can induce the release of proinflammatory and vasoactive mediators from human cardiac mast cells.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Article
- BPA interferes with granulosa cell development and oocyte meiosis in mouse preantral follicles.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2023Article
- COVID-19, Myocarditis and Pericarditis.Circulation research · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Myocarditis is an inflammatory heart disease that leads to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and heart failure. Sex hormones play an important role in the development of myocarditis with testosterone driving disease in males and estrogen being cardioprotective in females. The human population is widely exposed to the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA) from plastics such as water bottles, plastic food containers, copy paper, and receipts. Several clinical and numerous animal studies have found an association between elevated BPA levels and cardiovascular disease. A recent report found elevated levels of BPA in the serum of patients with DCM compared to healthy controls. In this study we examined whether exposure to BPA for 2 weeks prior to viral infection and leading up to myocarditis at day 10 altered inflammation in female BALB/c mice housed in standard plastic cages/water bottles with soy-free food and bedding. We found that a human relevant dose of BPA (25 μg/L) in drinking water, with an estimated exposure of 5 μg BPA/kg BW, significantly increased myocarditis and pericarditis compared to control water without altering viral genome levels in the heart. BPA exposure activated ERα and ERβ in the spleen 24 h after infection and phosphorylated ERα and ERβ during myocarditis, but decreased ERα and increased ERβ mRNA in the heart as measured by qRT-PCR. Exposure to BPA significantly increased CD4
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.