Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31551781›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2019

Risk Factors for Alzheimer's Disease: Focus on Stress.

Alessandra Caruso, Ferdinando Nicoletti, Alessandra Gaetano, Sergio Scaccianoce

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Sex differences in neuromodulatory subcortical systems and their implications for Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Alzheimer's Disease: Significant Benefit from the Yeast-Based Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Contributions of DNA Damage to Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020
    Review
  18. Review
  19. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Alessandra CarusoDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.
Ferdinando NicolettiDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.
Alessandra GaetanoDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.
Sergio ScaccianoceDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.
Sapienza University of Rome · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In vulnerable individuals, chronic and persistent stress is an established risk factor for disorders that are comorbid with Alzheimer's disease (AD), such as hypertension, obesity and metabolic syndrome, and psychiatric disorders. There are no disease-modifying drugs in the treatment of AD, and all phase-3 clinical trials with anti-amyloid drugs (e.g., β- or γ-secretase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies) did not meet the primary endpoints. There are many reasons for the lack of efficacy of anti-amyloid drugs in AD, the most likely being a late start of treatment, considering that pathophysiological mechanisms underlying synaptic dysfunction and neuronal death begin several decades before the clinical onset of AD. The identification of risk factors is, therefore, an essential step for early treatment of AD with candidate disease-modifying drugs. Preclinical studies suggest that stress, and the resulting activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, can induce biochemical abnormalities reminiscent to those found in autoptic brain samples from individuals affected by AD (e.g., increases amyloid precursor protein and tau hyperphosphorylation). In this review, we will critically analyze the current knowledge supporting stress as a potential risk factor for AD.

Indexed as

Alzheimer’s diseaseanimal modelglucocorticoidsrisk factorstress

Identifiers

PMID31551781
PMCPMC6746823
OpenAlexW2965069278

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.